开放式荟萃分析的规范化报告  

A standardized checklist on meta-analysis reporting in the open science era

作　　者：刘宇 陈树铨 樊富珉[1] 邸新 范会勇[4] 封春亮 郭双双 甘怡群[6] 李会杰[7,8] 吕小康 任志洪[10] 徐鹏飞[11] 袁博 左西年[13,14] 胡传鹏[15] LIU Yu;CHEN ShuQuan;FAN FuMin;DI Xin;FAN HuiYong;FENG ChunLiang;GUOShuangShuang;GAN YiQun;LI HuiJie;LV XiaoKang;REN ZhiHong;XU PengFei;YUANBo;ZUO XiNian;HU Chuan-Peng(Department of Psychology,Tsinghua University,Beijing 100084,China;Department of Clinical and Counseling Psychology,Teachers College,Columbia University,New York City 10025,USA;Department of Biomedical Engineering,New Jersey Institute of Technology,Newark 07102,USA;College of Education Sport Science,Bohai University,Jinzhou 121013,China;School of Psychology,South China Normal University,Guangzhou 510631,China;Beijing Key Laboratory of Behavior and Mental Health,School of Psychological and Cognitive Sciences,Peking University,Beijing 100871,China;Key Laboratory of Behavioral Science,Institute of Psychology,Chinese Academy of Sciences,Beijing 100101,China;Department of Psychology,University of Chinese Academy of Sciences,Beijing 100049,China;Department of Social Psychology,Zhou Enlai School of Government,Nankai University,Tianjin 300350,China;School of Psychology,Central China Normal University,Wuhan 430079,China;Faculty of Psychology,Beijing Normal University,Beijing 100875,China;Department of Psychology,Ningbo University,Ningbo 315211,China;State Key Laboratory of Cognitive Neuroscience and Learning/IDG McGovern Institute for Brain Research,Beijing Normal University,Beijing 100875,China;National Basic Science Data Center,Beijing 100190,China;School of Psychology,Nanjing Normal University,Nanjing 210023,China)

机构地区：[1]清华大学心理学系,北京100084 [2]Department of Clinical and Counseling Psychology,Teachers College,Columbia University,New York City 10025,USA [3]Department of Biomedical Engineering,New Jersey Institute of Technology,Newark 07102,USA [4]渤海大学教育与体育学院,锦州121013 [5]华南师范大学心理学院,广州510631 [6]北京大学心理与认知科学学院,行为与心理健康北京市重点实验室,北京100871 [7]中国科学院行为科学重点实验室(中国科学院心理研究所),北京100101 [8]中国科学院大学心理学系,北京100049 [9]南开大学周恩来政府管理学院社会心理学系,天津300350 [10]华中师范大学心理学院,武汉430079 [11]北京师范大学心理学部,北京100875 [12]宁波大学心理学系暨研究所,宁波315211 [13]北京师范大学认知神经科学与学习国家重点实验室/IDG麦戈文脑科学研究院,北京100875 [14]国家基础学科公共科学数据中心,北京100190 [15]南京师范大学心理学院,南京210023

出　　处：《中国科学：生命科学》2021年第6期764-778,共15页Scientia Sinica(Vitae)

基　　金：国家自然科学基金(批准号:31900757,32020103008);中国科学技术协会学科发展项目(批准号:2018XKFZ03)资助。

摘　　要：荟萃分析(又称元分析)以量化方式综合实证研究结果,是积累整合证据并推进基础与应用研究的重要工具.在开放式科学这种新型研究实践下,荟萃分析是整合开放数据、进行科学推断的重要手段.但荟萃分析的过程繁复、方法多样,其执行上的严谨性对荟萃分析质量影响较大,因此报告的透明性和开放性对其结果的可重复性尤为重要.为了解中文荟萃分析报告规范性的现状,让更多研究者了解荟萃分析报告的规范性与透明性,提升荟萃分析报告的质量,本文以国际学界广泛使用的系统综述和荟萃分析优先报告条目(Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic reviews and Meta-Analyses,PRISMA)以及开放式科学理念为基础,结合基于效应量的荟萃分析报告特点,拟定《开放与可重复荟萃分析的报告清单》(Preferred Reporting Items for Open and Reproducible Metaanalysis,PRIOR-MA),并以心理学中的荟萃分析为例,对近五年国内发表的68篇中文荟萃分析的方法和结果部分进行回顾.基于结果,本文建议荟萃分析报告需要在以下方面进一步加强其开放性与透明性:文献搜索的时间及限制、研究筛选和数据收集过程的细节、文章筛选的流程图、效应量转换的细节、单个研究偏倚状况的评估等.本文为开放式荟萃分析提供了一个较为全面的报告清单(PRIOR-MA),为未来荟萃分析研究提供了参考.Meta-analysis is a crucial tool for accumulating evidence in basic and applied research.In the open science era,meta-analysis becomes an important way for integrating open data from different sources.Meanwhile,because of researchers’high degree of freedom introduced by multiple-steps and multiple-choices in each step of meta-analysis,the openness and transparency are crucial for reproducing the results of meta-analysis.To reflect the transparency and openness of meta-analysis reports published in Chinese journals and improve the transparency and openness of future meta-analysis by Chinese researchers,we developed a Chinese version of a checklist for meta-analysis(Preferred Reporting Items for Open and Reproducible Meta-analysis,PRIOR-MA),which was based on the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic reviews and Meta-Analyses(PRISMA)and the principle of openness and transparency.We then surveyed the methods and results of 68 meta-analysis papers published in mainstream Chinese psychological journals in the last five years.Our results revealed that the openness and transparency of Chinese meta-analysis reports need to be improved,especially in the following aspects:the date/time and limitation of literature search,the details of screening and data collection,the flow chart of article screening,the details of effect size transformation,and the evaluation of individual research bias.The checklist,which lists almost all aspects that an open meta-analysis should include,can be used as a guide for future metaanalysis.This paper provides a comprehensive checklist(PRIOR-MA)for open meta-analysis,and provides a reference for future meta-analytic research.

关 键 词：荟萃分析 报告规范 可重复性 质量评价 开放式科学 

分 类 号：G353.1[文化科学—情报学] B84-0[哲学宗教—基础心理学]