大叶种茶树长穗与短穗扦插育苗对比试验  

A Comparative Study of Propagating Camellia sinensis var.assamica with Long or Short Cuttings

作　　者：姚启萍 张正艳 郑文忠 罗朝光 崔廷宏 蒋勋 张军 赵明[2] 王兴华 YAO Qi-ping;ZHANG Zheng-yan;ZHENG Wen-zhong;LUO Chao-guang;CUI Ting-hong;JIANG Xun;ZHANG Jun;ZHAO Ming;WANG Xing-hua(Pu er Institute of Tea Science,Pu er Yunnan 665000,China;College of Long Run Pu-erh Tea,Yunnan Agricultural University,Kunming 650201,China)

机构地区：[1]普洱市茶叶科学研究所,云南普洱665000 [2]云南农业大学龙润普洱茶学院,昆明650201

出　　处：《西南大学学报（自然科学版）》2021年第8期50-56,共7页Journal of Southwest University(Natural Science Edition)

基　　金：云南省科技厅创新人才项目(2019BH089);云南省发改委“万人计划”产业技术领军人才项目(YNWR-CYJS-2018-009);云南省农业厅现代农业茶叶产业技术体系项目(2018KJTX007).

摘　　要：扦插是广泛应用的茶树无性繁殖方式,目前有长穗和短穗两种扦插方法.以矮丰、云瑰、普茶1号、普茶2号和紫娟5个云南大叶种茶树品种为材料,进行了长穗与短穗扦插的对比试验.结果表明:5个插穗品种的长穗扦插发根时间均短于短穗扦插;长穗扦插苗木超过2 cm的根数量、最大根条长度、着叶数、苗高、茎粗均高于短穗扦插.该试验中的长穗扦插(150.4 d)达到国家Ⅱ级苗木的生长时间少于短穗扦插(245.2 d),出圃率长穗扦插(82.8%)高于短穗扦插(65.7%).试验得出长穗比短穗扦插育苗更有快繁优势.Cuttage propagation is a widely used method for asexual propagation of tea plant(Camellia sinensis).At present,long cuttings(hardwood cuttings with two or more eyes)and short cuttings(one-eye cuttings)are usually used in practice.In this study,five cultivars of C.sinensis var.assamica,including Aifeng,Yungui,Pucha#1,Pucha#2 and Zijuan,were used as materials,and the two types of cuttings were compared.The results showed that it took shorter time for the long cuttings of all the five cultivars to root than the short cuttings,and that their number of roots 2 cm or more long,maximum length of roots,number of leaves,plant height and stem diameter of the long cuttings were greater than those of the short cuttings.In addition,it took 150.4 d for the long cuttings to grow into nursery stock of National ClassⅡwhile 245.2 d was necessary for the short cuttings to do it,and the percentage of the stock suitable for transplanting was higher for the former than for the latter.In conclusion,long cuttings are more advantageous than short cuttings for fast stock propagation of tea plants.

关 键 词：茶树栽培 云南大叶种 扦插 对比试验 

分 类 号：S571.1[农业科学—茶叶生产加工]