汉语作为第二语言动态评估学习潜能分数定量分析研究  

A Study on Dynamic Assessment of Learning Potential Score by Chinese as a Second language

作　　者：孙志君 许芃 王建勤[2] Sun Zhijun;Xu Peng;Wang Jianqin(College of International Education,Shandong Normal University,Jinan,Shandong 250014,China;Center for the Cognitive Science of Language,Beijing Language and Culture University,Beijing 100083,China)

机构地区：[1]山东师范大学国际教育学院,山东济南250014 [2]北京语言大学语言认知科学学科创新引智基地,北京100083

出　　处：《华文教学与研究》2021年第2期32-41,共10页TCSOL Studies

基　　金：教育部中外语言交流合作中心2020年度国际中文教育研究课题青年资助项目“动态评估汉语教学模式创新研究”(20YH20D);北京语言大学语言认知科学学科创新引智基地研究生创新基金项目“动态评估预测效度研究”(2020JDCX04);北京语言大学研究生创新基金(中央高校基本科研业务专项资金项目“动态评估视角下的汉语学习者认知神经机制加工研究”(21YCX197)。

摘　　要：学习潜能是社会文化理论视域下动态评估中的一个重要概念,学习潜能分数提供了该能力的计算方式,能够比较客观地评价学习者的学习潜能。但前人提出的学习潜能分数公式均有瑕疵,不适用于汉语作为第二语言教学。本研究从理论上重新定义了学习潜能分数,并通过数学推演的方式改进了其公式的计算方法:学习潜能分数=(2*调节分数-实际分数)/满分。其中调节分数=实际分数+∑(N^(*)教师调节类型i)(N=某种教师调节类型的调节次数,教师调节类型i,i=1~15 (根据具体调节等级而定))。本研究采用了单因素被试间实验设计,用以检测所提出的分数体系是否合理有效。实验招募了30名初级巴基斯坦汉语学习者,并将其随机分配到实验组和控制组,其中实验组采用了动态评估的干预方式。结果发现实验组和控制组的前后测分数有着显著差异,实验组的学习潜能分数比使用其他公式计算出的结果更可靠。因此,我们认为改进版的学习潜能分数能够更好地代表学习者的学习潜能。Learning potential score(LPS)is an important concept in dynamic assessment(DA)from the perspective ofsociocultural theory(SCT). Learning potential scores are calculated to objectively evaluate learning potential. However,thecurrent mathematical methods are flawed and not useful for assessing learning potential in Chinese as a second language. Thisstudy proposes a learning potential score equation that redefines learning potential and improves on the calculation method:LPS =(2*Mediated Score-Actual Score)/(Max Score), whereMediated Score = Actual Score +∑( N*Mediation Typei), N = Number of Mediation. A single-factor between-subjects experiment was conducted to test the effectiveness of the proposed system forobtaining reasonable learning potential scores. A sample of 30 elementary Pakistani Chinese as a second language learnerswere recruited and randomly assigned to an experimental or control group. The proposed dynamic assessment intervention wasused on the experimental group. The results found significantly different outcomes between groups,and the learning potentialscores of the experimental group were more realistic than those calculated using the other equations. The differences betweensystems were compared,and the proposed learning potential score equation was a more accurate representation of the learners’ learning potential.

关 键 词：汉语作为第二语言 口语教学 学习潜能分数 动态评估 社会文化理论 

分 类 号：H195[语言文字—汉语] H192