2002—2017年中国食源性农药中毒事件分析  

Analysis of food-borne pesticide poisoning incidents in China from 2002 to 2017

作　　者：庄众 郭云昌 杨淑香[1] 耿雪峰 李薇薇 李娟娟[3] 王连森[4] 王三桃[5] 梁效成[6] 徐粒子[7] 朱姝[8] 付萍 ZHUANG Zhong;GUO Yunchang;YANG Shuxiang;GENG Xuefeng;LI Weiwei;LI Juanjuan;WANG Liansen;WANG Santao;LIANG Xiaocheng;XU Lizi;ZHU Shu;FU Ping(School of Public Health,Weifang Medical College,Shandong Weifang 261053,China;China National Center for Food Safety Risk Assessment,Beijing 100021,China;Yunnan Center for Disease Control and Prevention,Yunnan Kunming 650100,China;Shandong Center for Disease Control and Prevention,Shandong Ji'nan 250021,China;Shanxi Center for Disease Control and Prevention,Shanxi Taiyuan 140106,China;Gansu Center for Disease Control and Prevention,Gansu Lanzhou 730000,China;Anhui Center for Disease Control and Prevention,Anhui Hefei 230061,China;Guizhou Center for Disease Control and Prevention,Guizhou Guiyang 550004,China)

机构地区：[1]潍坊医学院公共卫生学院,山东潍坊261053 [2]国家食品安全风险评估中心,北京100021 [3]云南省疾病预防控制中心,云南昆明650100 [4]山东省疾病预防控制中心,山东济南250021 [5]山西省疾病预防控制中心,山西太原140106 [6]甘肃省疾病预防控制中心,甘肃兰州730000 [7]安徽省疾病预防控制中心,安徽合肥230061 [8]贵州省疾病预防控制中心,贵州贵阳550004

出　　处：《中国食品卫生杂志》2021年第3期373-378,共6页Chinese Journal of Food Hygiene

基　　金：国家重点研发计划“食品安全关键技术研发专项”(2017YFC1601502);“健康山东”重大社会风险预测与治理协同创新项目(XT1404001)。

摘　　要：目的了解2002~2017年中国食源性农药中毒事件的特点,为相关部门制定预防食源性农药中毒策略提供科学依据。方法收集并整理国内文献数据以及国家监测数据,剔除重复事件,对中毒因素、不同原因食品和发生环节进行描述性分析,并在此基础上进行多维度归因分析。结果农药中毒因素以有机磷类农药中毒为主(361起,占64.23%),其次是氨基甲酸酯类农药和除草剂;原因食品主要为蔬菜类、粮食类、水果类,分别占33.45%(188/562)、14.41%(81/562)、8.36%(47/562);引发环节以农药残留过高为主(200起,占35.59%)。结论蔬菜类食品有机磷残留是食源性农药中毒的主要因素。应加强农药(尤其是杀虫剂)的管理,向大众普及农药使用安全教育,将发病风险降至最低。Objective To understand the characteristics of foodborne pesticide poisoning incidents in China from 2002 to 2017, and provide scientific basis for relevant departments to formulate prevention strategies for foodborne pesticide poisoning. Methods The domestic literature and national monitoring data were collected and sorted out, and the repeated incidents were excluded. The poisoning factors, foods with different causes and occurrence links were analyzed descriptively, and multi-dimensional attribution analysis on this basis was analyzed. Results The main cause of pesticide poisoning was organophosphorus pesticide poisoning(361 cases, accounting for 64.23%), followed by carbamate pesticides and herbicides. The main causes of food were vegetables, grains, and fruits, accounting for 33.45%(188/562) and 14.41%(81/562), 8.36%(47/562). The triggering facter mainly by excessive pesticide residues(200 cases, accounting for 35.59%). Conclusion Organophosphorus residues in vegetable were the main cause of food-borne pesticide poisoning. The management of pesticides(especially insecticides) should be strengthened, and pesticide safety education should be popularized to the public to minimize the risk of disease.

关 键 词：食源性 农药中毒 归因分析 

分 类 号：R155[医药卫生—营养与食品卫生学]