采前苯丙噻重氮喷洒抑制采后双孢菇的软化  

Pre-harvest Spraying with Benzothiadiazole Inhibited Softening of Harvested Agaricus bisporus

作　　者：魏亚楠 Esrat Mahmud SILVY 彭慧 杨乾 王霆 贠建民[1] 毕阳[1] WEI Yanan;Esrat Mahmud SILVY;PENG Hui;YANG Qian;WANG Ting;YUN Jianming;BI Yang(College of Food Science and Engineering,Gansu Agricultural University,Lanzhou 730070,China)

机构地区：[1]甘肃农业大学食品科学与工程学院,甘肃兰州730070

出　　处：《食品科学》2021年第13期193-199,共7页Food Science

基　　金：“十三五”国家重点研发计划重点专项(2018YFD0400205)。

摘　　要：目的:研究采前苯丙噻重氮(benzothiadiazole,BTH)喷洒对采后低温贮藏期间双孢菇软化的影响并探讨相关机理。方法:用200 mg/L BTH在原基期(双孢菇菌盖为针头大小时)对‘A15’双孢菇进行喷洒(以自来水喷洒作对照),测定低温(4℃)贮藏期间双孢菇的质地、质量损失率,并分析几丁质、纤维素、总蛋白含量及相关酶活力。结果:与对照相比,采前BTH喷洒能显著降低冷藏期间双孢菇的质量损失率(第8天时比对照组低34.22%)(P<0.05);显著提高采收时以及冷藏期间双孢菇的硬度、弹性、咀嚼性和胶着性(P<0.05);显著降低采收时和冷藏期间双孢菇的几丁质酶和纤维素酶活力(P<0.05),显著提高几丁质和纤维素含量(P<0.05);显著降低采收时和冷藏期间双孢菇的中性、碱性和酸性蛋白酶活力(P<0.05),延缓蛋白质的降解。相关性分析表明,双孢菇硬度、弹性、咀嚼性、胶着性与几丁质、纤维素、总蛋白含量呈极显著正相关(P<0.01),与质量损失率呈极显著负相关(P<0.01)。结论:采前BTH喷洒可显著延缓双孢菇冷藏期间的软化,其作用机制与抑制双孢菇细胞壁降解酶的活性、减少采后质量损失率密切相关。Objective:To investigate the effect of preharvest benzothiadiazole(BTH)spraying on the softening of harvested Agaricus bisporus during cool storage,and to explore the underlying mechanism.Methods:A.bisporus(cv.A15)was sprayed with BTH at 200 mg/L at the primordia stage and evaluated for texture properties and mass loss rate,the contents of chitin,cellulose and protein and related enzyme activities during postharvest cool storage.Results:Pre-harvest BTH spraying significantly reduced the mass loss of A.bisporus during cool storage,by 34.22%relative to the control group on day 8.BTH spraying significantly improved the firmness,flexibility,chewiness and gumminess of A.bisporus,decreased the activities of chitinase and cellulose,increased the contents of chitin and cellulose,reduced the activities of neutral,alkaline and acid proteinase at harvest and during cool storage(P<0.05).In addition,BTH spraying delayed the degradation of protein.Correlation analysis indicated that the firmness,flexibility,chewiness and gumminess were significantly positively correlated with the contents of chitin,cellulose and protein,but significantly negatively correlated with the mass loss rate of A.bisporus(P<0.01).Conclusion:Preharvest BTH spraying can significantly inhibit the softening of A.bisporus during cool storage,and the underlying mechanism may be closely related to reducing the activity of cell wall-degrading enzymes and postharvest mass loss rate.

关 键 词：苯丙噻重氮 采前喷洒 双孢菇 软化 细胞壁降解酶 质量损失率 

分 类 号：TS255.36[轻工技术与工程—农产品加工及贮藏工程]