超大城市基础教育资源配置现状及影响因素分析--以深圳市为例  

Basic Education Resources Allocation and its Influencing Factors in Mega Cities-A Case Study of Shenzhen City

作　　者：王丽艳 符阳 许敬轩 LIYAN WANG;YANG FU;JINGXUAN XU(College of Management,Shenzhen University;College of Economics,Beijing Technology and Business University)

机构地区：[1]深圳大学管理学院 [2]北京工商大学经济学院

出　　处：《工信财经科技》2021年第3期64-85,共22页Review of Financial & Technological Economics

基　　金：深圳市教育规划青年重点项目“深圳市基础教育资源配置优化研究”(批准号:zdzz19006);“先行示范区战略下深圳市高等教育产研融合效率评价与机制优化研究”(批准号:zdzz20003)的资助。

摘　　要：随着中国城市规模的不断扩大,城市优质基础教育资源竞争越来越激烈,城市基础教育整体呈现不平衡、不充分发展特征。以深圳市为例,对超大城市的基础教育资源配置现状进行分析。研究结果显示,第一,深圳市基础教育经费不断增加,学前教育以及义务教育规模进一步扩大。但是学位紧张仍然是深圳市基础教育的主要矛盾,按照常住人口统计口径,基础教育千人学位指标未达到全国平均水平,优质学位分布欠均衡。第二,中小学生教师资源配置在数量、质量和结构上均存在区域性失衡,这将严重影响到教育公平的实现以及和谐社会的建设。第三,在物质资料配置方面各区域呈现不均衡状态。第四,深圳市资源配置影响因素主要有教育财政支出结构因素、预算编制以及绩效评价、信息公开因素、微观个人层面四个方面。最后,针对研究结果,本文提出了相应的对策建议。With the expansion of Chinese cities,the competition for scarce basic education resources in cities has been becoming increasingly severe.In general,the development of urban basic education in mega cities is unbalanced and inadequate.This study takes Shenzhen as an example to analyze the status quo of the allocation of basic education resources in mega cities.The results show that the funds for basic education have been increasing continuously in Shenzhen,and the coverage of pre-school education and compulsory education expands as well.However,citizens’demands for basic education has been far from satisfied,which is still the main problem of basic education in Shenzhen.In light of the permanent residential population,the basic education enrolment capacity per 1000 has not reached the national average level.And the distribution of highquality basic education resources is not balanced.Second,there is regional imbalance in the quantity,quality and structure of the teacher resources in primary and middle schools,which will seriously affect the realization of educational equity and the construction of a harmonious society.Thirdly,the distribution of infrastructure and material resources in different regions presents an unbalanced state.Fourthly,the influencing factors of resource allocation in Shenzhen mainly include four aspects:educational financial expenditure structure,budget and performance evaluation,information disclosure and micro-level personal factors.Finally,according to the research results,this paper puts forward the corresponding countermeasures and suggestions for basic education resource allocation in mega cities in China.

关 键 词：基础教育 资源配置效率 对策 

分 类 号：G639.2[文化科学—教育学]