美国国家实验室发展特点分析及其对国家创新体系的支撑  

Analysis of development characteristics of U.S. national laboratories and support to national innovation system

作　　者：方圣楠[1] 黄开胜[1] 江永亨[1] 杨树国[1] FANG Shengnan;HUANG Kaisheng;JIANG Yongheng;YANG Shuguo(Office of Laboratory Management,Tsinghua University,Beijing 100084,China)

机构地区：[1]清华大学实验室管理处,北京100084

出　　处：《实验技术与管理》2021年第6期1-6,共6页Experimental Technology and Management

基　　金：中国高等教育学会高等教育科学研究“十三五”规划课题(重大项目)(2018SYSZG02)。

摘　　要：当前,国家实验室已成为主要发达国家抢占科技创新制高点的重要载体。美国国家实验室作为其科技事业的重要组成部分,既能够为国家提供先进的科技资源,本身也是国家重要的安全资产。该文通过对美国国家实验室自20世纪30年代以来发展变迁的梳理,分析其使命任务和组织模式的变化历程,为我国实验室体系建设提供一定的借鉴。At present, the national laboratories have become important carriers for the major developed countries to seize the commanding heights of scientific and technological innovation. As an important part of its science and technology, the U.S national laboratories can not only provide advanced scientific and technological resources for the country, but also be important national security assets. Based on the analysis of the development and changes of the U.S national laboratories since the 1930 s, this paper analyzes the change process of their mission and operation pattern, so as to provide some reference for the construction of laboratory system in our country.

关 键 词：美国国家实验室 发展特点 组织模式 创新体系 

分 类 号：G482[文化科学—教育学]