深圳市2012—2018年食源性疾病流行特征  

Epidemiological characteristics of foodborne diseases in Shenzhen,2012-2018

作　　者：李思果[1] 祁鸿姣 周彦[1] 张锦周[1] 刘建平[1] 潘柳波[1] 梁浩[1] 吕美霞[2] LI Si-guo;QI Hong-jiao;ZHOU Yan;ZHANG Jin-zhou;LIU Jian-ping;PAN Liu-bo;LIANG Hao;LV Mei-xia(Shenzhen Center for Disease Control and Prevention,Shenzhen,Guangdong 518000,China;School of Public Health,Tongji Medical College,Huazhong University of Science and Technology,Wuhan,Hubei 430000,China)

机构地区：[1]深圳市疾病预防控制中心,广东深圳518000 [2]华中科技大学同济医学院公共卫生学院,湖北武汉430000

出　　处：《中国热带医学》2021年第7期670-675,共6页China Tropical Medicine

基　　金：深圳市科技创新委员会项目(No.JCYJ20180307102036312)。

摘　　要：目的分析2012—2018年深圳市10个区食源性疾病的流行病学特征,揭示深圳市食源性疾病的流行趋势,为食源性疾病的预防控制提供依据。方法采用描述性流行病学方法,对2012—2018年深圳市627个社区健康服务中心食源性疾病监测系统上报的食源性疾病数据进行统计分析,包括年龄、性别、地区、初步诊断、食源性疾病种类等。结果2012—2018年期间,共上报病例254223例次。其中,2012年发病率最低,为7.26/万,至2017年达最高,为61.86/万,2018年发病率又降至2014年的水平;男女发病人数比为1.20∶1,男性患者的总数量多于女性患者,2015—2018年中,2016、2017年男性发病率高于女性;8月份的就诊病例数最多,占9.77%,4月份的就诊病例数最少,占6.58%;平均发病率最高的行政单位(区)为南山区,年均发病率为36.70/万,最低为盐田区,年均发病率3.30/万;各年龄组中,31~40岁的病例数最多,占29.01%,发病人数最少的年龄组为71岁以上组,占1.40%;食源性疾病的主要类型中,细菌性食源性疾病占比最高,为88.66%,有毒动物性食源性疾病占比最低,为0.03%。不同行政单位内的食源性疾病各种类型发生率基本一致,细菌性食源性疾病发生率均最高。结论深圳市食源性疾病病例具有时间性、地区性及人群流行特征,应当有针对性地加强健康宣教及监督管理,并提高食源性疾病的监测能力,控制食源性疾病的发生。Objective The epidemiological characteristics of foodborne diseases in ten districts of Shenzhen from 2012 to2018 were analyzed to reveal the epidemic trend of foodborne diseases in Shenzhen,and we provide basis for the prevention and control of foodborne diseases.Methods diseases reported by the foodborne disease surveillance system of 627 community health service centers in Shenzhen from 2012 to 2018,including age,gender,region,types of foodborne diseases and initial diagnosis.Results times were reported from 2012 to 2018,with the lowest incidence of 7.26 per 10000 in 2012 and the highest incidence of 61.86 per 10000 in 2017,and the incidence fell to the level of 2014 in 2018.The ratio of male to female incidence was 1.20∶1.The total number of male patients was more than female patients,and the difference was statistically significant.From 2015 to 2018,the incidence rate of males in 2016 and 2017 was significantly higher than that of females.The number of cases in August was the most,accounting for 9.77%,and the number of cases in April was the least,accounting for 6.58%.The highest average incidence was found in Nanshan District(36.70/10000),and the lowest was found in Yantian District(3.30/10000).Among all age groups,the number of cases between 31 and 40 years old was the largest,accounting for 29.01%,and the number of cases over 71 years old was the least,accounting for 1.40%.Among the main types of foodborne diseases,bacterial foodborne diseases accounted for the highest(88.66%),while toxic animal foodborne diseases accounted for the lowest(0.03%).The incidence of various types of foodborne diseases in different administrative units was the same,and the incidence of bacterial foodborne diseases was the highest.Conclusion time,region and population epidemic.It is necessary to strengthen the targeted health education,supervision and management,and improve the monitoring ability of foodborne diseases to control the occurrence of foodborne diseases.

关 键 词：食源性疾病 流行病学 描述性分析 

分 类 号：R51[医药卫生—内科学]