Two macrophages, osteoclasts and microglia: from development to pleiotropy  

作　　者：Ji-Won Lee In-Hee Lee Tadahiro Iimura Sek Won Kong 

机构地区：[1]Department of Nephrology,Transplant Research Program,Boston Children’s Hospital,Boston,MA 02115,USA [2]Department of Pharmacology,Graduate School of Dental Medicine,Hokkaido University,Sapporo 060-8586,Japan [3]Computational Health Informatics Program,Boston Children’s Hospital,Boston,MA 02115,USA [4]Department of Pediatrics,Harvard Medical School,Boston,MA 02115,USA

出　　处：《Bone Research》2021年第2期143-152,共10页骨研究（英文版）

基　　金：supported by the grants from the National Institution of Health(R01MH107205,R24OD024622,and U01TR002623);supported by Grantin-Aids for Scientific Research from the Japan Society for the Promotion of Science(19K10044).

摘　　要：Tissue-resident macrophages are highly specialized to their tissue-specific microenvironments,activated by various inflammatory signals and modulated by genetic and environmental factors.Osteoclasts and microglia are distinct tissue-resident cells of the macrophage lineage in bone and brain that are responsible for pathological changes in osteoporosis and Alzheimer’s disease(AD),respectively.Osteoporosis is more frequently observed in individuals with AD compared to the prevalence in general population.Diagnosis of AD is often delayed until underlying pathophysiological changes progress and cause irreversible damages in structure and function of brain.As such earlier diagnosis and intervention of individuals at higher risk would be indispensable to modify clinical courses.Pleiotropy is the phenomenon that a genetic variant affects multiple traits and the genetic correlation between two traits could suggest a shared molecular mechanism.In this review,we discuss that the Pyk2-mediated actin polymerization pathway in osteoclasts and microglia in bone and brain,respectively,is the horizontal pleiotropic mediator of shared risk factors for osteoporosis and AD.

关 键 词：diagnosis OSTEOPOROSIS OSTEOCLAST 

分 类 号：R580[医药卫生—内分泌] R749.16[医药卫生—内科学]