从算法到参与构建计算模型:人机协同视域下计算思维的内涵演进与能力结构  

From Algorithm to Participation in Building Computational Models:Concept Evolution and Capability Structure of Computational Thinking in the Perspective of Human-Machine Coordinated

作　　者：陈赞安 李宁宇[3] 尹以晴 柳晨晨 王佑镁 Chen Zan-an;Li Ningyu;Yin Yiqin;Liu Chenchen;Wang Youmei(School of Education,Zhejiang University,Hangzhou Zhejiang 310058;Institute of Higher Education,Wenzhou University,Wenzhou Zhejiang 325035;Research Center for Big Data and Smart Education,Wenzhou University,Wenzhou Zhejiang 325035)

机构地区：[1]浙江大学教育学院,浙江杭州310058 [2]温州大学高等教育研究院,浙江温州325035 [3]温州大学大数据与智慧教育研究中心,浙江温州325035

出　　处：《远程教育杂志》2021年第4期34-41,共8页Journal of Distance Education

基　　金：国家语委2019年度重点(信息化专项)科研项目“我国中小学生数字阅读素养测评技术研究”(项目编号:ZDI135-113)研究成果之一。

摘　　要：人工智能等新一代信息技术正深刻影响现代社会与人的发展。作为一种个体必备的能力与素养,计算思维的内涵与外延,也经历了从计算机领域的计算能力1.0阶段到学科领域的计算模型开发2.0阶段之演变。而AI时代的计算思维则发展到参与人机协同场域中的问题解决能力3.0阶段,其核心为参与人机交互中计算模型进行构建,体现着人机协同的功能新需求。在梳理了计算思维能力结构研究发展的基础上,构建了计算思维3.0能力结构CMC模型,进而从计算认知(C)、计算方法(M)和计算文化(C)三个维度,各发展出计算理解与计算知识、计算抽象和计算推理、计算关系与计算参与共六个计算思维向度,并从这六个向度映射出六大计算思维能力,以期为AI时代计算思维教育应用与发展,提供一些参考思路。The new generation of information technology such as artificial intelligence has a profound impact on the development of modern society and individuals.As an individual’s necessary ability accomplishment,the connotation,and extension of computational thinking have also experienced the evolution from the computational ability in the computer field in the stage of Computational Thinking 1.0 to the computational model developed in the subject field in the stage of Computational Thinking 2.0.In the era of artificial intelligence,computational thinking has developed to the stage of 3.0,and its core is to participate in the construction of a computational model in human-computer interaction,which reflects the new functional requirements of human-computer cooperation.On the basis of combing the research and development of computational thinking ability structure,the CMC model of Computational Thinking 3.0 ability structure is constructed.From the three dimensions of computational cognition(c),computational method(m),and computational culture(c),six computational thinking dimensions are developed,including computational understanding and computational knowledge,computational abstraction and computational reasoning,computational relationship and computational participation.And from these six dimensions,we map out six computational thinking abilities,in order to provide referential ideas for the application and development of Computational Thinking Education in AI Era.

关 键 词：计算思维 编程思维 人工智能 人机协同 计算认知 计算方法 计算文化 

分 类 号：G434[文化科学—教育学]