基于活动的拼车通勤行为及效用均衡分析  

Activity-based carpool commuting behavior and utility equilibrium analysis

作　　者：肖玲玲[1] 吴玉雪 郭名[1] XIAO Lingling;WU Yuxue;GUO Ming(School of Economics and Management,Beijing Jiaotong University,Beijing 100044,China)

机构地区：[1]北京交通大学经济管理学院,北京100044

出　　处：《系统工程理论与实践》2021年第6期1496-1506,共11页Systems Engineering-Theory & Practice

基　　金：国家自然科学基金(71971020);中央高校基本科研业务费(2020JBW001)。

摘　　要：本文构建了基于活动的拼车通勤模型,考虑通勤者可选择自驾、拼车司机和拼车乘客三种出行角色,即选择两种出行方式:自驾和拼车,研究早高峰通勤过程的动态用户均衡问题.在活动链中,假设通勤者在家和工作地都会产生效用.同时,将拼车障碍成本,其它货币成本和费用补偿成本引入通勤模型.高峰期内,通勤者可通过出发时间选择和出行模式选择,实现其出行效用的最大化.在用户均衡状态下,每类通勤者都不能通过单方面改变自己的行为选择而使其出行效用变得更大.此外,本文从消除排队的角度出发,推导了系统最优下的动态收费用户均衡.最后,通过一个数值算例对本文的结论进行验证和分析.This paper presents an activity-based commuting model to study the dynamic user equilibrium during morning rush hour commuting.In this model,commuters can use three travel roles:Self-drive,carpool driver and carpool passenger,i.e.,two travel modes:Self-drive and carpool.In the chain of activities,it is assumed that the commuter generates utility both at home and at work.Moreover,the extra carpool cost,other monetary cost and compensation cost are introduced into the commuting model.During the peak period,commuters maximize their travel utility by choosing the departure time and travel mode.Under user equilibrium,each traveler cannot make their travel utility greater by unilaterally changing their behavior choices.Furthermore,from the perspective of eliminating the queuing delay,this paper deduces the optimal time-varying toll.Finally,a numerical example is conducted to analyze the theory conclusions.

关 键 词：通勤模型 活动效用 拼车 用户均衡 

分 类 号：F505[经济管理—产业经济]