《史记·五帝本纪》考证一则  

A Textual Research on Shiji WudiBenji(《史记•五帝本纪》)

作　　者：张雨涛 Zhang Yutao(College of Liberal Arts,Shanghai University,Shanghai 200444,China)

机构地区：[1]上海大学文学院,上海200444

出　　处：《现代语文》2021年第4期12-15,共4页Modern Chinese

摘　　要：《史记·五帝本纪》"帝挚立,不善,崩,而弟放勋立,是为帝尧"一句中,可疑之处有二:第一,"崩"是否衍字;第二,"不善"是不是"不著"的形讹。"崩"作谓语时,往往和前面的主语直接相连;如果与前面的主语断开且中间插入其他谓词成分时,则需要加上"而"连接两个谓词成分。这里的"崩"不符合分布条件,应删去。"不善"出现的语境一般是指人自身或内在的品性、人际、处世等方面,"不著"的使用语境则是指人外在的言论功名,二者在语用范围上有很大不同乃至是相对的。相比而言,"不善"更符合原文语境。In the book of Shiji(《史记》),the sentence of“帝挚立,不善,崩,而弟放勋立,是为帝尧”,there are two doubts,one“beng(崩)”is fake character,and the other“bushan(不善)”is the shape of“buzhu(不著)”wrong.It is found from the corpus that“beng(崩)”as the predicate is usually directly connected with the preceding subject.If it is disconnected from the preceding subject and other predicate components are inserted in the middle“,Er(而)”should be added to connect the two predicate components.The“beng(崩)”here does not meet the distribution conditions and should be deleted“.Bushan(不善)”in the context of the general refers to a person's character,interpersonal,and conduct extensive aspects“,Buzhu(不著)”use context is spreads fame is not a person or a thing in the world,the two are quite different in the scope of pragmatics,“Bushan(不善)”is more in line with the original.

关 键 词：《史记》 形讹 语境差异 语义指向 

分 类 号：H13[语言文字—汉语]