盖姆斯木霉分离鉴定及菌丝体发酵条件的研究  

Isolation and Identification of Trichoderma gamsii and the Conditions for Its Mycelial Fermentation

作　　者：徐伟[1] 张雪 王植朔 邵百琪 吴凡 谢红瑶 XU Wei;ZHANG Xue;WANG Zhi-shuo;SHAO Bai-qi;WU Fan;XIE Hong-yao(School of Food Engineering,Harbin University of Commerce,Harbin 150028,Heilongjiang,China)

机构地区：[1]哈尔滨商业大学食品工程学院,黑龙江哈尔滨150028

出　　处：《食品研究与开发》2021年第16期183-189,共7页Food Research and Development

摘　　要：在对野生牛肝菌分离母种菌丝的过程中获得1株内生真菌(Trg-12),经对其菌落、菌丝、孢子形态显微镜观察及rDNA内转录间隔区(internal transcribed spacer,ITS)序列分子生物学鉴定,明确其为盖姆斯木霉(Trichoderma gamsii)。进一步对菌株在综合马铃薯液态培养基中的菌丝量进行研究,采用L9(34)正交试验设计,接种量5%,发酵时间8 d时,对装液量、摇床转速、初始p H值及培养温度进行优化,结果显示:250 m L三角瓶装液量100 mL,摇床转速160 r/min,初始p H6,培养温度29℃,菌丝量为4.43 g/L。用平板对峙培养法测定该菌株与牛肝菌常见腐败菌尖孢镰刀菌和黄瘤孢菌的抑制率分别为(53.7±1.9)%和(74.7±1.6)%,表明牛肝菌内生真菌盖姆斯木霉Trg-12对腐败菌具有拮抗作用,可为生物防治提供优良的菌株。A strain of endophytic fungus,subsequently labeled "Trg-12",was isolated from the mother hyphae of a wild Boletus. Microscopic observation of its colonies,hyphae,and conidia morphology,and molecular biological identification of rDNA internal transcribed spacer(ITS)sequence,identified it as Trichoderma gamsii. To further study this strain,the mycelial yield was optimized using an L9(34)orthogonal design to determine optimal liquid volume,shaker speed,initial pH,and culture temperature in comprehensive potato dextrose broth.Using an initial inoculum of 5% and an 8 day fermentation time,the optimized settings were 100 mL liquid volume in a 250 mL culture bottle,160 r/min shaker speed,initial pH of 6,and 29 ℃ culture temperature,which yielded4.43 g/L of mycelia. The inhibition rates of Trg-12 against the common spoilage fungi Fusarium oxysporum and Hypomyces chrysospermus were(53.7±1.9)% and(74.7±1.6)%,respectively. Therefore,the endophytic fungus Trichoderma gamsii Trg-12,isolated from mother hyphae of Boletus,has an antagonistic effect on spoilage fungi and may be an excellent strain for biological control.

关 键 词：野生牛肝菌 盖姆斯木霉 鉴定 液态发酵 拮抗作用 

分 类 号：S476.1[农业科学—农业昆虫与害虫防治]