美国骨科毕业后医学教育培训和认证体系介绍及启示  

Introduction to and inspiration for the United States post-graduation medical education training and certification system of orthopedics

作　　者：肖发娇 黄蕾[2] 杨云峰[1] 曾至立[1] 陈凯[1] 饶志涛[1] 程黎明[1,3] Xiao Fajiao;Huang Lei;Yang Yunfeng;Zeng Zhili;Chen Kai;Rao Zhitao;Cheng Liming(Orthopedics Department,Tongji Hospital of Tongji University,Shanghai 200065,China;Medical Education Division,Tongji Hospital of Tongji University,Shanghai 200065,China;President's Office,Tongji Hospital of Tongji University,Shanghai 200065,China)

机构地区：[1]同济大学附属同济医院骨科,上海200065 [2]同济大学附属同济医院教育处,上海200065 [3]同济大学附属同济医院院长办公室,上海200065

出　　处：《中国毕业后医学教育》2021年第3期283-288,共6页Chinese Journal of Graduate Medical Education

基　　金：2019年上海一流研究生教育引领计划项目(ZD19040202);2021年研究生教育改革与研究培育项目(2021PY09)。

摘　　要：目的对美国骨科毕业后医学教育培训和认证体系做简要概述,为我国骨科住院医师规范化培训(简称住培)提供借鉴。方法广泛查阅国内外关于中美骨科毕业后医学教育文献,分析美国骨科住培体系、项目认证过程和标准,开展中美骨科毕业后医学教育的比较研究。结果对比中美骨科毕业后医学教育体系发现,国内骨科住院医师规范化培训项目培训年限低于美国骨科住院医师规范化培训项目,在招收制度、培养、环节质量保障方面不同。结论国内骨科毕业后医学教育培训体系有待进一步完善,应以六大核心胜任力为导向,培养过程体现分层递进理念,根据住院医师个人情况,制定合理轮转计划,同质化培养骨科住院医师。Objective The purpose of this study is to provide a brief overview of the United States postgraduate orthopedic medical education and training as well as accreditation system to serve as a reference for further improving the quality of standardized orthopedic resident training in China.Methods This study examines the orthopedic resident training system,program accreditation process,and evaluation criterion in the United States and conducts a comparative study of orthopedic post-graduate medical education in China and the United States,starting from the literature on post-graduate orthopedic medical education in China and the United States.Results The results of the comparison between the Chinese and American post-graduation orthopedic medical education systems illustrate that the training duration of the orthopedic residency program in China is shorter than that in America.Furthermore,it can be argued that there is difference in recuiting system,training process,and quality assurance.Conclusion The domestic post-graduate orthopedic medical education and training system requires further enhancement,guided by the"six core competencies"(patient care;medical knowledge;interpersonal and communication skills;professionalism;practice-based learning and improvement;systems-based practice).The orthopedic resident training process is supposed to be endowed with the concept of stratified progression,in which residents are trained homogeneously with reasonable rotational plans according to individual conditions.

关 键 词：毕业后医学教育 住院医师规范化培训 骨科 岗位胜任力 认证 

分 类 号：G652[文化科学—教育学] R445[医药卫生—影像医学与核医学]