抗菌肽对于病原微生物的抗菌及耐药机制  

Mechanism of antibacterial and drug resistance of antimicrobial peptides to pathogenic microorganisms

作　　者：王撼宇 孙晓仲 雷志鹏 陈欢[1] 王刚[1] 张斯童[1] 陈光[1] 孙旸[1] WANG Hanyu;SUN Xiaozhong;LEI Zhipeng;CHEN Huan;WANG Gang;ZHANG Sitong;CHEN Guang;SUN Yang(Key Laboratory of Straw Biology and Utilization,Ministry of Education,College of Life Science,Jilin Agricultural University,Changchun 130118,China;Jilin Province Product Quality Supervision and Inspection Institute,Changchun 130118,China)

机构地区：[1]吉林农业大学生命科学学院秸秆生物学与利用教育部重点实验室,吉林长春130118 [2]吉林省产品质量监督检验院,吉林长春130118

出　　处：《中国酿造》2021年第8期8-13,共6页China Brewing

基　　金：国家重点研发计划(2017YFD05010000);吉林省科技发展计划(20170203009NY,20180201067SF,20200404052YY)。

摘　　要：抗菌肽作为多种生物抵抗病原体的第一道防线,可以作为生物体内的天然免疫屏障,也可以在食品工业中用作天然防腐剂。该文叙述了抗菌肽杀灭细菌的作用机制以及微生物耐受抗菌肽的基本原理。无论是抗菌肽对病原微生物的抗菌作用还是病原微生物的耐抗性,其主要机制都与膜的生理功能和胞质成分变化有关。对于抗菌,主要是通过阻碍或破坏细胞壁的形成、与胞内靶位点结合以及抑制主要的脱氧核糖核酸(DNA)复制酶从而达到抗菌效果。微生物对于抗菌肽耐药性的实现主要是有机体通过先天的组成型抗性和后期的诱导型抗性。这些信息可能有助于选择最佳的抗菌肽,并建立有效的使用途径。Antimicrobial peptides are the first line of defense for a variety of organisms against pathogens,which can act as a natural immune barrier or a natural preservative in food industry.The mechanism of antimicrobial peptides killing bacteria and the basic principle of microbial resistance to antimicrobial peptides were described.Whether antibacterial effect of antimicrobial peptides on pathogenic microorganisms or the resistance of pathogenic microorganisms,the main mechanism is related to the physiological function of membrane and the changes of cytoplasmic composition.For antibacterial,the antibacterial effect is mainly achieved by blocking or destroying the formation of cell wall,binding with intracellular target sites and inhibiting the main deoxyribonucleic acid(DNA)replicase.The realization of microbial resistance to antimicrobial peptide is mainly through the innate constitutive resistance and late induced resistance.The information may help to select the optimal antimicrobial peptides and establish an effective route of use.

关 键 词：抗菌肽 抗菌机制 耐药机制 应用与展望 

分 类 号：Q511[生物学—生物化学]