2020年浙江省宁波市南美白对虾虾苗主要病原携带情况调查  

Investigation on Major Pathogens Carried by Shrimp Seeds of Penaeus vannamei in Ningbo City of Zhejiang Province in 2020

作　　者：许昊川 徐胜威 王雯琼 葛明峰 王建平 江维洁 Xu Haochuan;Xu Shengwei;Wang Wenqiong;Ge Mingfeng;Wang Jianping;Jiang Weijie(Ningbo Ocean and Fisheries Research Institute,Ningbo,Zhejiang 315000,China;Ningbo Branch of ABC Life Insurance Co.,Ltd.,Ningbo,Zhejiang 315000,China)

机构地区：[1]宁波市海洋与渔业研究院,浙江宁波315000 [2]农银人寿保险股份有限公司宁波分公司,浙江宁波315000

出　　处：《中国动物检疫》2021年第9期29-32,39,共5页China Animal Health Inspection

基　　金：宁波市公益类项目(202002N3034)。

摘　　要：为了解浙江省宁波市对虾主养区苗种虾肝肠胞虫(EHP)、虾血细胞虹彩病毒(SHIV)、对虾白斑综合征病毒(WSSV)以及导致急性肝胰腺坏死病的副溶血弧菌(VP)4种病原的携带情况及特点,2020年2—8月采用PCR检测方法,对象山、宁海、奉化、余姚、慈溪、鄞州等地虾苗进行4种病原检测。结果显示:共检测45个养殖场点的南美白对虾虾苗样品268批次,在41批次虾苗样品中检出至少1种病原,整体阳性率为15.30%;EHP阳性率最高(8.96%),其次是VP(2.98%)和SHIV(2.24%),WSSV最低(1.12%);产自浙江本省的虾苗阳性率最高(30.77%),产自广东(21.51%)、海南(11.54%)、福建(6.35%)的次之,产自山东的最低(0),经列联表分析方法计算χ^(2)=13.757,表明虾苗病原携带率(阳性率)与苗种产地之间相关性极为显著;不同病原的携带率呈现不同的时间分布特征,但整体来看,6月病原阳性率相对较高,7—8月最低,均未检出。结果表明,宁波市南美白对虾虾苗存在一定程度的病原污染,其中EHP污染最为严重,产自浙江本省以及6月份的虾苗病原污染率最高,需要针对性加强防控。本研究为宁波市对虾养殖业的病害防控提供了参考。In order to learn the status and characteristics of four pathogens including Enterocytozoon hepatopenaei(EHP),pathogenic Vibrio parahaemolyticus(VP)leading to acute hepatopancreas necrosis,haemocytic iridovirus(SHIV)and white spot syndrome virus(WSSV)carried by shrimp seeds in major breeding zones in Ningbo City of Zhejiang Province,the shrimp seeds from Xiangshan,Ninghai,Fenghua,Yuyao,Cixi and Yinzhou were detected for the four pathogens by PCR during February to August 2020.For 268 batches of shrimp seeds from 45 premises,one kind of pathogen was detected out at least from 41 batches,and the overall positive rate was 15.30%;the positive rate of EHP was highest(8.96%),followed by VP(2.98%)and SHIV(2.24%),and at last WSSV(1.12%);the positive rate of shrimp seeds from Zhejiang was highest(30.77%),followed by Guangdong(21.51%),Hainan(11.54%)and Fujian(6.35%),Shandong was the lowest(0),it was indicated that the carrying rate(positive rate)of pathogens was obviously r elated to the producing area of shrimp seeds asχ^(2)=13.757 was calculated by Crosstabs;the carrying rate of diff erent pathogens was distributed depending on diff erent time,but in general,the positive rate of all pathogens was relatively higher in June,and lowest during July to August when no pathogen was detected out.In conclusion,the shrimp seeds were contaminated by certain pathogens,especially EHP,and the carrying rate was highest in June and in the shrimp seeds produced from Zhejiang,which should be specifi cally prevented and controlled.A reference was provided by the study for future prevention and control of diseases in shrimp breeding in Ningbo City.

关 键 词：南美白对虾 苗种 病原检测 虾肝肠胞虫 对虾白斑综合征病毒 虾血细胞虹彩病毒 副溶血弧菌 

分 类 号：S851.3[农业科学—预防兽医学]