天津市售海蟹中不同部位铅镉汞污染状况  

Pollution status of lead,cadmium and mercury in different parts of sea crabs sold in Tianjin

作　　者：冯锦 FENG Jin(Heping District Center for Disease Control and Prevention,Tianjin 300070,China)

机构地区：[1]天津市和平区疾病预防控制中心,天津300070

出　　处：《中国卫生检验杂志》2021年第14期1770-1772,共3页Chinese Journal of Health Laboratory Technology

摘　　要：目的了解天津市海蟹中铅、镉、汞的污染水平,评估其污染状况,并对不同部位的食用安全性做出风险评价,为保障居民饮食安全提供科学依据。方法从海产品的市场流通环节进行采样,分别在天津市16个区县的超市、农贸市场、海鲜批发市场等场所共计采集120份样品。样品经消解后,利用石墨炉原子吸收分光光度法测定铅和镉,利用原子荧光光谱法测定汞。结果蟹腿、蟹胸、蟹黄及蟹膏中铅、镉、汞在大部分样品中均有检出,蟹腿、蟹胸、蟹黄及蟹膏中镉的超标率分别为0%、0.83%、52.5%,差异有统计学意义(P<0.001),120份样品中有63份蟹黄、蟹膏的镉含量超标,蟹黄、蟹膏的镉含量普遍高于蟹肉。结论海蟹中存在重金属超标问题,不同部位对同一重金属的富集能力不同,尤其是蟹黄、蟹膏中镉超标严重,应引起高度重视,建议作为今后监测工作的重点。Objective To understand the contaminated levels of lead,cadmium and mercury in sea crabs in Tianjin,to assess their pollution status,and to make risk assessments on the edible safety of different parts,so as to provide a scientific basis for ensuring the dietary safety of residents.Methods The samples were collected from the market circulation of seafood,and a total of 120 samples were collected in supermarkets,farmers'markets,seafood wholesale markets and other places in 16 districts and counties in Tianjin city.Then,after digestion,lead and cadmium in the sample solution were determined by graphite furnace atomic absorption spectrophotometry and mercury was measured by atomic fluorescence spectrometry.Results Lead,cadmium and mercury were detected in crab legs,crab breasts,crab roe and crab paste in most samples.Over-standard rate of cadmium in crab legs,crab breast,crab roe and crab paste were 0%,0.83%,52.5%,respectively and the difference was statistically significant(P<0.001).What's more,the cadmium content of crab roe and crab paste in 63 samples out of the total 120 samples exceeded the standard.The cadmium contents in crab roe and crab paste were generally higher than those in crab meat.Conclusion The sea crabs have the problem of excessive heavy metals.Different parts have different enrichment capacity for the same heavy metals.Especially the excessive levels of cadmium in crab roe and crab paste are serious,which should be paid more attention to.It is recommended as the focus of future monitoring work.

关 键 词：海蟹 铅 镉 汞 重金属污染 

分 类 号：R155.5[医药卫生—营养与食品卫生学]