新疆博斯腾湖鱼类肌肉硒含量及生物累积效应研究  

Study on the Content of Selenium in Fish Muscles and the Bioaccumulation Effect in Bosten Lake,Xinjiang

作　　者：刘拓[1] 赵禹[1] 白金 梁楠[1] 王超 王鹏[1] LIU Tuo;ZHAO Yu;BAI Jin;LIANG Nan;WANG Chao;WANG Peng(Xi an Center of Geological Survey,CGS,Xi an 710054,Shaanxi,China;No.3 Geological party,Xinjiang Bureau of Exploration and Development of Mineral Resources,Korla 841000,Xinjiang,China)

机构地区：[1]中国地质调查局西安地质调查中心,陕西西安710054 [2]新疆地矿局第三地质大队,新疆库尔勒市841000

出　　处：《西北地质》2021年第3期236-243,共8页Northwestern Geology

基　　金：新疆巴音郭楞蒙古自治州自然资源局项目“新疆焉耆盆地1∶5万土地质量地球化学调查”(XJCYZB-KEL-2019166),中国地质调查局项目“新疆耕地区土地质量地球化学调查”(DD20190521)。

摘　　要：鱼类因具有强的硒生物累积效应,是科学补硒的重要食材。博斯腾湖位于新疆博湖县,是中国最大的内陆淡水吞吐湖。研究查明博斯腾湖各类鱼肌肉中Se含量范围、赋存形态及其分布特征,探讨不同鱼类Se的生物累积效应及影响因素,对于研究区特色鱼类资源开发和助力当地经济发展意义重大。系统采集并测试了博斯腾湖44件鱼肉中Se含量,研究结果表明,博斯腾湖鱼肉Se含量由高到低依次为:白条鱼>五道黑>池沼公鱼>鲫鱼>鲤鱼>鲢鱼>草鱼,同一种鱼的肌肉Se含量在小湖区高于大湖区;鱼肉中硒代蛋氨酸SeMet占绝对优势,有机硒占比71.54%~94.08%,Se的生物可利用率高。水生生物食物链中Se的累积效应和水层生态环境的变化,造成鱼肉中Se的生物富集系数BAF存在差异:肉食性鱼>杂食性鱼>草食性鱼,底栖鱼肌肉Se含量高于中上层、中下层鱼。博斯腾湖鱼富硒率高,品质好,应结合已有区位和资源优势,大力发展天然野生有机富硒渔业。Fish is Se enriched supplement to food for its strong bioaccumulation effect of selenium.Bosten Lake is the largest inland freshwater lake in Bohu County,Xinjiang.It is of great significance to the exploitation of fish resources and the development of local economy to probe into the selenium content,the chemical speciation and the bioaccumulation factors.Selenium content of fish muscle in 44 samples from Bosten Lake was investigated.The results showed that selenium content from high to low was as follows:white streaked fish>five black streaks>pond male fish>crucian carp>carp>silver carp>grass carp.The content was higher in the small lake area than in the large lake area in the same species.Selenomethionine(SeMet)was the dominant speciation of selenium in fish muscles,the proportion of organic selenium being 71.54%94.08%,and the bioavailability of selenium being high.The accumulation effect of selenium and the ecological environment in food chain of aquatic organism result in the difference of bioaccumulation factor(BAF),i.e.carnivorous fish>omnivorous fish>herbivorous fish.Fish inhabiting in the bottom of water has much higher selenium content in fish muscle than those in the upper and middle layers.Natural organic se-enriched fishery should be developed in Bosten Lake due to the good quality of selenium enrichment in fish.

关 键 词：博斯腾湖 鱼肌肉 SE 生物富集系数 富硒渔业 

分 类 号：P67[天文地球—海洋地质]