未加碘食盐地区不同水碘浓度下居民碘营养状况  

Study on iodine nutritional status of residents with different water iodine concentrations in areas supplying non-iodized salt

作　　者：许娴[1] 虞晨[1] 田翠翠[1] 徐署东 刘婷婷[1] 李卫东[1] XU Xian;YU Chen;TIAN Cui-cui;XU Shu-dong;LIU Ting-ting;LI Wei-dong(Department for Endemic and Parasitic Diseases Control and Prevention,Anhui Provincial Centre for Disease Control and Prevention,Hefei 230601,China)

机构地区：[1]安徽省疾病预防控制中心地方病与寄生虫病防治科,合肥230601

出　　处：《中华疾病控制杂志》2021年第8期987-992,共6页Chinese Journal of Disease Control & Prevention

摘　　要：目的调查供应未加碘食盐地区居民碘营养状况,为探讨未加碘食盐供应范围提供依据。方法调查4个水碘浓度(100~<150μg/L、90~<100μg/L、80~<90μg/L、70~<80μg/L)村18~<60岁成人、8~<10岁儿童和孕妇的尿碘水平、甲状腺容积和结节、成人和孕妇甲状腺激素与抗体进行检测。结果共调查822名成人、793名儿童和87名孕妇,儿童和成人的尿碘水平在4个水碘组均超出适宜水平,孕妇尿碘除70~<80μg/L水碘组处于适宜水平外,其他3组均处于大于适宜量水平。儿童组(χ^(2)=25.703,P<0.001)和成人组(χ^(2)=13.139,P=0.004)尿碘值与饮用水含碘量均呈正向关系。不同水碘组孕妇尿碘浓度差异无统计学意义(χ^(2)=5.178,P=0.159)。儿童甲状腺肿大率为20.8%,不同水碘组儿童甲状腺肿大率差异无统计学意义(χ^(2)=6.361,P=0.095);成人甲状腺结节发生率为16.0%,不同水碘组成人甲状腺结节发生率差异无统计学意义(χ^(2)=2.863,P=0.413)。不同水碘组孕妇和成人的全血促甲状腺激素(thyroid stimulating hormone,TSH)、游离甲状腺激素(free thyroxine,FT4)、甲状腺球蛋白抗体(thyroglobulin antibodies,TGAb)和甲状腺过氧化物酶抗体(thyroid peroxidase antibodies,TPOAb)异常率差异均无统计学意义(Fisher检验,均有P>0.05)。结论饮用水碘>70μg/L的地区应食用未加碘食盐,水碘>100μg/L的行政村应严格落实未加碘食盐供应,水碘含量为70~<80μg/L地区的孕妇可适当进食富碘食物补碘。Objective To explore the scope of non-iodized salt supply,and to investigate the iodine nutritional status of residents in non-iodized salt supply areas.Methods The urinary iodine level,thyroid volume and nodules,thyroid hormones and antibodies of adults aged 18-<60,children aged 8-<10 and pregnant women in villages with 4 water iodine concentrations(100-<150μg/L、90-<100μg/L、80-<90μg/L、70-<80μg/L)were investigated.Results A total of 822 adults,793 children,and 87 pregnant women were surveyed.The urine iodine levels of children and adults exceeded the appropriate level in the 4 water iodine groups.The urine iodine of pregnant women was at an appropriate level except for the 70-<80μg/L water iodine group.All three groups were at a level greater than the appropriate amount.There was a positive relationship between urinary iodine value and drinking water iodine content in children(χ^(2)=25.703,P<0.001)and adults(χ^(2)=13.139,P=0.004)group.There was no significant difference in urine iodine concentration among pregnant women in different water iodine groups(χ^(2)=5.178,P=0.159).The rate of goiter in children was 20.8%,and there was no significant difference in the rate of thyroid gland in children between different water iodine groups(χ^(2)=6.361,P=0.095).The incidence of adult thyroid nodules was 16.0%,and the incidence of human thyroid nodules with different water iodine composition and there was no significant difference in the incidence of adult thyroid nodules among different water iodine groups(χ^(2)=2.863,P=0.413).There was no significant difference in the abnormal rates of TSH,PT4,TgAb and TPOAb between pregnant women and adults in different water iodine groups(Fisher test,all P>0.05).Conclusion Uniodized salt should be used in areas with the drinking water iodine>70μg/L,and the supply of uniodized salt should be strictly implemented in administrative villages with the water iodine>100μg/L.Pregnant women can appropriately take iodine rich food to supplement iodine in areas with water iodine c

关 键 词：碘 碘盐 营养 

分 类 号：R591.1[医药卫生—内科学]