高速列车不等速明线交会时压力波幅值与车速之间的关系研究  

Study on the Relation between Pressure Waves Amplitude and Speed when High-speed Trains Meet in Open Area

作　　者：赵凡[1] 齐琛 李伟斌[1] 马洪林[1] 王跃军[1] ZHAO Fan;QI Chen;LI Weibin;MA Honglin;WANG Yuejun(China Aerodynamics Research and Development Center,Mianyang 621000 Sichuan,China)

机构地区：[1]中国空气动力研究与发展中心,四川绵阳621000

出　　处：《铁道机车车辆》2021年第4期15-20,共6页Railway Locomotive & Car

摘　　要：高速列车明线交会时会产生较大的侧向力和表面压力波,对列车行车安全和乘客舒适度造成影响。针对高速列车明线交会时车体表面压力波幅值与列车速度之间关系,开展了高速列车等速和不等速明线交会仿真计算研究。采用求解低速流动的压力修正算法求解雷诺平均N-S方程,湍流模型采用可实现k-ε模型,并采用滑移网格方法模拟两车相对运动。研究结果表明:等速明线交会时,压力波幅值大小与行驶速度平方成正比;不等速交会时无量纲压力波幅值C与车速比m之间存在一种特定的关系。其中C为不等速交会慢车压力波幅值和等速交会压力波幅值之比(等速交会车速为不等速交会时快车车速),m为不等速交会时慢车和快车车速比。在车速比m小于0.5时,慢车车速对自身测点压力波幅值影响很小;当车速比m大于0.5时,慢车车速对自身测点压力波幅值影响明显增大。研究结果可为两车交会时车速的调节控制提供参考。As high speed train running across each other in open air,it will generate large pressure waves,and it will bring influence on running safety and passenger ride comfort.CFD analysis was taken to research the relations between pressure waves and running speed when high speed trains meeting in open air.Three-dimensional RANS equations and realizable Reynolds k-εmodel were solved using pressure correction methods.Sliding mesh method was used to simulation the relative motion of two trains.Several cases include equal speed crossing and unequal speed crossing are calculated.The laws between pressure waves and the train speed were obtained by moni-toring the surface pressure waves changing with time.The results show that the pressure amplitude is directly proportional to the square of the running speed when the equal speed crossing,and there is a specific relationship between non-dimensional pressure wave amplitude C and train speeds ratio m,where C represents the ratio of slow train pressure amplitude to the equal speed crossing pressure amplitude(the trains’speed of equal speed crossing is equal to the fast train’s speed of unequal speed intersects),and m represents the ratio of the slow train speed to the fast train speed.When the speed ratio m is less than 0.5,the influence of slow train’s speed on the pressure amplitude of its own monitoring point is very small;When the train speed ratio m is greater than 0.5,the influence of slow train’s speed on the pressure amplitude of its own monitoring point is rapidly increased.The research results can provide a reference for the speed regulation and control of two trains crossing in open air.

关 键 词：高速列车 明线交会 压力波 数值模拟 

分 类 号：U270.11[机械工程—车辆工程]