晚清保守主义者的国家观与心理结构--以张之洞学政改革为例  

The Idea of Nation and Psychological Structure of the Conservatives During Late Qing--A Case Study of Zhang Zhidong's School Reform

作　　者：袁晓晶[1] Yuan Xiaojing

机构地区：[1]上海大学社科学院

出　　处：《哲学门》2016年第1期65-83,共19页Beida Journal of Philosophy

基　　金：2015年上海市教委科研创新课题“信仰与知识的分野:儒学学科化的近代危机”(项目编号:15ZS033)阶段性成果。

摘　　要：张之洞在晚清的学政改革中扮演着重要的角色,而其思想的复杂性也反应出晚清保守主义的典型特征。首先,张之洞坚持以国家主义为核心的“国家观”;其次,通过对历史经验的挖掘与继承,他的思想经历了从“中体西用”到“保存国粹”的重要转变,为中学划定了作为国家根基和政治形而上基础的价值领域。而这一转变恰恰反应了保守主义者们以道统为担当的心理结构。这种心理结构促成了晚清保守主义改革的不断深化,但也成为了其改革成效与预期相去甚远的重要原因。Zhang Zhidong played an important role in the school reformof the late Qing Dynasty,and the complexity of his thoughts reflected thetypical characteristics of the conservatism in the late Qing Dynasty.Firstly,Zhang Zhidong insists on statismas the core of"the idea of nation";Secondly,through mining and inheriting the historical experience,histhought experienced an important change from"Chinese essence and Western utility"(中体西用to“prescrving the quintessence of Chineseculture”(保存国粹),and then delineated the value of Confucianism as thenational foundation and political metaphysical basis.This change reflectedthe psychological structure of conscrvatives who take the Confucian principleas their responsibility.Meanwhile,the psychological structure contributed tothe deepening of the conservative reform in the late Qing Dynasty,but alsobecame an important reason why this reform failed to achieve the expectedresults.

关 键 词：国家主义 保存国粹 中体西用 

分 类 号：K25[历史地理—历史学]