培育国家公民:黑格尔“客观精神”中的教化及其作用  

Cultivating National Citizens:The Bildung and Its Function in Hegel’s“Objective Spirit”

作　　者：邱安琪 QIU Anqi

机构地区：[1]中国人民大学马克思主义学院,北京100872

出　　处：《思想战线》2021年第5期165-172,共8页Thinking

基　　金：中国人民大学科学研究基金项目“思想政治教育视域下的黑格尔教化思想研究”阶段性成果(581121114721)。

摘　　要：“教化”是黑格尔精神哲学中的重要问题。“客观精神”中的教化,以抽象的自由理性之人为起点,超越对个体主观认识的培育,旨在现实的社会中培育国家公民。为实现这一目标,教化应根据“抽象法—道德—伦理”的逻辑顺序,在方法上从外部强制发展为说服感化,在内容上从否定性内容发展为肯定性内容,最终达到外部规定与内心认同在更高层次上的统合。基于“家庭”与“市民社会”两环节是“国家的理念”自身的分化,教化的过程应在“家庭—市民社会—国家”教化一体化中完成。黑格尔“客观精神”中的教化,围绕人的社会政治属性展开,对培育社会主义合格公民具有启示作用。“Bildung”is an important issue in Hegel’s spiritual philosophy.Bildung in the“objective spirit”starts with abstract free and rational people,transcends the cultivation of individual subjective knowledge,and aims to cultivate national citizens in a realistic society.In order to achieve this goal,Bildung should be based on the logical sequence of“abstract law-morals-ethics”,from external compulsion to persuasion in method,and from negative content to positive content in content,and finally achieve the integration of external regulations and internal identity at a higher level.Based on the fact that the two links of“family”and“civil society”are the differentiation of the“idea of the state”,the process of Bildung should be completed in the integration of“family-civil society-state”enlightenment.Because of Bildung in Hegel’s“objective spirit”revolves around the social and political attributes of people,it has an enlightening effect on cultivating qualified socialist citizens.

关 键 词：黑格尔 精神哲学 客观精神 教化 国家公民 

分 类 号：B-49[哲学宗教]