陕西产食用菌农药残留检测分析  

Detection of Pesticide Residues in Edible Fungi in Shaanxi Province

作　　者：李永波[1] 张伟[1] 何丰瑞 秦国富[1] 邹柯婷[1] 杨碧霞 LI Yong-bo;ZHANG Wei;HE Feng-rui;QIN Guo-fu;ZOU Ke-ting;YANG Bi-xia(Xi’an Center for Disease Control and Prevention,Xi’an 710054,China)

机构地区：[1]西安市疾病预防控制中心,陕西西安710054

出　　处：《中国食用菌》2021年第8期76-83,共8页Edible Fungi of China

基　　金：陕西省重点研发计划项目(2017SF-383);西安市科技计划项目(2019115513YX010SF043)。

摘　　要：建立了QuEChERS结合高效液相色谱质谱联用仪同时检测食用菌54种农药残留的方法,并对陕西产的354份食用菌农药残留进行了检测分析。结果显示,除涕灭威亚砜、乙酰甲胺磷、乙硫磷和氧化乐果以外,在10μg·kg^(-1)、40μg·kg^(-1)、200μg·kg^(-1)添加水平下,农药平均回收率为60.9%~136.0%,相对标准偏差为4.1%~18.4%。定量限均小于51.28μg·kg^(-1)。25种食用菌样品除鸡油菌外,其余均有农药检出,检出率44%~100%不等;54种农药中有36种被检出,多菌灵检出率最高为71.2%,乙酰甲胺磷、腐霉利、咪鲜胺和涕灭威砜检出率也大于5%。说明上述农药是食用菌栽培过程中使用多较的农药,我国目前尚没有多菌灵、乙酰甲胺磷、咪鲜胺和涕灭威砜在食用菌中的安全限值,应加强这方面的研究。In this work, a method of QuEChERS combined with high performance liquid chromatography tandem mass spectrometry(LC-MS/MS) method for quantitative determination of 54 pesticide residues in edible fungi has been developed. 354 edible fungi samples were detected by this method. The results indicate that mean recoveries for the 54 pesticides(except aldicarb sulfoxide, acephate, ethion and omethoate) in edible fungi samples were 60.9%^(-1)36.0% at the three spiked levels of 10 μg·kg^(-1),40 μg·kg^(-1), 200 μg·kg^(-1), the relative standard deviations(RSD) ranging from 4.1% to 18.4%. The limits of lower than 51.28μg·kg^(-1). 24 edible fungi have different levels of pesticide residues exclude chanterelle. The rate of positive samples was range of 44%^(-1)00%. 36 pesticides were detected,the highest detection rate of carbendazim were 71.2%, the detection rate of acephate, procymidone, rochloraz and aldicarb sulfone were all above 5%. The results showed that these pesticides were usually used in edible fungi cultivation. It is necessary to set the limits of carbendazim, acephate,prochloraz and aldicarb sulfone in edible fungi because there were no maximum residue limits for them in edible fungi.

关 键 词：陕西 食用菌 农药 残留 检测 

分 类 号：S646.9[农业科学—蔬菜学]