基于北斗船位数据的浙江省流刺网捕捞努力量特征分析  

Analysis of fishing effort characteristics of gillnets from Zhejiang Province based on Beidou satellite navigation data

作　　者：张荣瀚 张胜茂[2] 樊伟[2] 陈雪忠[2] ZHANG Ronghan;ZHANG Shengmao;FAN Wei;CHEN Xuezhong(College of Marine Sciences,Shanghai Ocean University,Shanghai 201306,China;East China Sea Fisheries Research Institute,Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences,Key Lab of East China Sea&Ocean Fishery Resources Exploitation and Utilization,Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs,Shanghai 200090,China)

机构地区：[1]上海海洋大学海洋科学学院,上海201306 [2]中国水产科学研究院东海水产研究所,农业农村部东海与远洋渔业资源开发利用重点实验室,上海200090

出　　处：《海洋渔业》2021年第5期618-625,共8页Marine Fisheries

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目(31772899);上海市自然科学基金项目(17ZR1439800);中国水产科学研究院基本科研业务费项目(2019CY0402)。

摘　　要：基于北斗卫星获得的2017年浙江省流刺网渔船沿海生产数据,应用时空统计方法,对浙江省流刺网渔业的捕捞行为时空分布进行了分析。结果表明,流刺网渔船生产大部分集中在近岸海域,向北最远达到34°N,定位在连青石渔场,距离母港626 km;向南最远达26°N,定位在闽东渔场,距离母港309 km;向东最远达126°E,定位在江外渔场,距离母港650 km。长江口渔场、舟山渔场、鱼山渔场、温台渔场和大沙渔场是浙江省流刺网渔船的主要作业海域,1—4月的捕捞努力量主要分布在靠近海岸线的海域,只有少数捕捞努力量集中于大沙渔场和沙外渔场等较远海域。休渔期结束后的8月份,捕捞努力量几乎集中于近海的长江口渔场、舟山渔场和鱼山渔场海域;9—12月,随着水温下降和沿岸水域资源丰度下降,整体捕捞努力量趋于向外海和南部海域延伸。捕捞努力量在1—4月较低,8月最高,随后的9—12月趋于稳定,但3月和11月的单个网次捕捞努力量相对更低。研究方法与结果可为渔业精细化管理和限额捕捞提供信息参考。Based on the 2017 coastal production data from gillnet fishing vessels in Zhejiang Province obtained by Beidou satellite,this study used the temporal and spatial statistical method to analyze the spatiotemporal distribution of fishing behavior of gillnet fishing in Zhejiang Province.The results showed that most of the gillnet fishing vessels were concentrated in the coastal waters,up to 34°N to the north,located in Lianqingshi fishing ground,626 km away from the home port,and up to 26°N to the south,located in Mindong fishing ground,309 km away from home port;the farthest to the east was 126°E,located in the Jiangwai fishing grounds,650 km away from the home port.The Yangtze Estuary fishing ground,Zhoushan fishing ground,Yushan fishing ground,Wentai fishing ground and Dasha fishing ground were the main regions for gillnet fishing vessels operation in Zhejiang Province.The fishing efforts from January to April were mainly distributed along the coastline,and only a few fishing efforts were distributed in the distant regions such as Dasha fishing ground and Shawai fishing ground.After the fishing off season,in August,the fishing efforts were almost concentrated in the offshore waters of the Yangtze River Estuary fishing ground,Zhoushan fishing ground,and Yushan fishing ground.From September to December,with the decline of water temperature and the abundance of coastal fishing resources,the overall fishing effort tended to extend to the open sea and the south.The fishing effort was low from January to April,and the highest one appeared in August when the fishing off season was over and then stabilized from September to December,but the fishing efforts in March and November were lower than those of usual.The research methods and results in this paper can provide information for fine management of fisheries and limit fishing.

关 键 词：流刺网 捕捞努力量 网次 北斗卫星导航 

分 类 号：S975[农业科学—捕捞与储运]