基于物联网技术的多元素火灾分级速报系统设计  

Design of Multi-element Fire Classification and Quick Report System Based on Internet of Things Technology

作　　者：邢丽莉[1] 刘颖[1] 鹿玉红[1] 张兵[2,3] XING Lili;LIU Ying;LU Yuhong;ZHANG Bing(Institute of Disaster Prevention,Sanhe 065201,China;Nanjing University,Nanjing 210023,China;Institute of Earthquake Forecasting,China Earthquake Administration,Beijing 100036,China)

机构地区：[1]防灾科技学院,河北三河065201 [2]南京大学,江苏南京210023 [3]中国地震局地震预测研究所,北京100036

出　　处：《防灾科技学院学报》2021年第3期56-62,共7页Journal of Institute of Disaster Prevention

基　　金：廊坊市科技支撑计划项目(2021011057);国家重点研发计划“重大自然灾害监测预警与防范”重点专项(2018YFC1503801);中央高校基本科研业务费项目(ZY20180119)。

摘　　要：火灾是严重威胁公众安全和社会发展的主要灾害之一。为了能够更快更准确地识别出火灾,尽可能地减少火灾对人类造成的危害,需要研究一种比传统的单一烟雾检测方法更加有效的方法。基于无线传感器、Zigbee、WiFi、移动通信等物联网技术,精确检测火灾的发光、发热、产生烟雾等燃烧状态,采用数据融合技术,综合分析光照度、温度、烟雾浓度和气体组分等元素的变化情况,设计了多元素火灾检测算法,构建了火灾分级速报系统。经过实验测试表明,该系统在完整的物联网体系架构下能够在1s内快速地检测火灾,并进行精确地灾情分级预判及报警。Fire is one of the major disasters that seriously threaten public safety and social development.To identify fire more quickly and more accurately and reduce its harm to human beings as much as possible,it is necessary to explore a more effective method than the traditional one of single smoke detection.In this paper,based on Internet of Things technologies such as wireless sensor,Zigbee,WiFi,mobile communication etc.,we accurately detected some burning states of fire like glow,heat and smoke etc.Next,we comprehensively analyze the changes of illuminance,temperature,smoke concentration and gas components etc.by the data fusion technology.Lastly,we designed a multi-element fire detection algorithm and constructed a fire classification quick report system.As the experimental test shows,this system can quickly detect fire within one second under a complete Internet-of-Things system,prejudge disaster classification accurately,and make an alarm of the disasters.

关 键 词：物联网 火灾 异常检测 灾情分级 火警速报 

分 类 号：TP302.1[自动化与计算机技术—计算机系统结构]