梁乔汉《港澳旅游草》中的华夷意识  

Liang Qiaohan’s Consciousness of the Chinese and the Foreign in His My Journey to Hong Kong and Macao

作　　者：戎琦 Rong Qi

机构地区：[1]广东外语外贸大学外国文学文化研究院

出　　处：《华文文学》2021年第4期56-61,共6页Literatures in Chinese

基　　金：广东外语外贸大学项目“阐释学视阈下的‘文学粤港澳’研究”,项目编号:236-GK202066。

摘　　要：晚清广东顺德籍文人梁乔汉刊于1900年的诗集《港澳旅游草》展示了近代中国沿海开埠城市一个普通下层文人的华夷意识。《港澳旅游草》汇集68首抒写香港、澳门风土人情、宗教文化、名胜古迹的诗作。作品流露的华夷意识之"夷"指向西方民族国家。其华夷意识表现为:具有初步的主权意识,在主权上严守华夷之防;隐约感知西方器物、先进技术和博物院背后的文化迥异于华夏文化,以幽默的方式消解传统的华夏文化优越感;带着好奇和善意看待港澳社会中的西洋风俗,并不抱持华夏文化优越感,甚至在特定的场合融入"华夷融趣"的氛围之中。梁乔汉的华夷意识有别于晚清保守派官绅,而其在文化层面的轻松感也与开明官绅和思想精英的忧愤感有别。梁乔汉的华夷意识没有上升到深入比较中西文化和制度以及思考中国现代化的出路,却一定程度折射出当时中国沿海开埠城市平民接受西风东渐的状况。In his collection,My Journey to Hong Kong and Macao,Liang Qiaohan,a man of letters from Shunde in Guangdong,in late Qing,revealed a man of letters’consciousness of the Chinese and the foreign,who was at a lower level of the society in one of the coastal cities open to the outside world in modern China.The collection contains 68 poems about the local customs,religion and culture,as well as places of historic interest and scenic beauty.‘The foreign’in the consciousness refers to Western nations and this consciousness is expressed as one of initial consciousness of sovereignty that is deeply on guard against the foreign,that is vaguely aware of things Western,advanced technology and culture behind the museums vastly different from Chinese culture,with a humorous tendency to deconstruct the sense of superiority of traditional Chinese culture,to look at the Western customs in the society of Hong Kong and Macao,with curiosity and kindness,without a sense of Chinese cultural superiority,and to merge into an atmosphere of mixed Chinese and foreign on specific occasions.Liang Qiaohan’s Chinese and foreign consciousness differed from that of the conservative officials in late Qing and his relaxed sense on the cultural level was also different from the sense of indignation on the part of the enlightened officials and elite intellectuals although this consciousness of his did not ascend to a level where he could make profound comparisons between the Chinese and foreign cultures and systems and where he could think of a way out for Chinese modernization;still,it,to a certain extent,reflected the situation in which people of the coastal opened-up cities accepted Western influences eastward.

关 键 词：梁乔汉 华夷观 华夷之辨 澳门文学 中国近代文学 

分 类 号：I206[文学—中国文学]