燕麦与豆科作物间作的产量、经济效益与碳足迹分析  

Intercropping of oat with mung bean,peanut,and soybean:Yield advantages,economic benefits and carbon footprints

作　　者：马怀英 王上 杨亚东[1,2] 冯晓敏 曾昭海[1,2] 任长忠 臧华栋[1,2] 胡跃高 MA Huaiying;WANG Shang;YANG Yadong;FENG Xiaomin;ZENG Zhaohai;REN Changzhong;ZANG Huadong;HU Yuegao(College of Agronomy and Biotechnology,China Agricultural University,Beijing 100193,China;Key Laboratory of Farming System of Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs,Beijing 100193,China;Baicheng Academy of Agricultural Sciences,Baicheng 137000,China)

机构地区：[1]中国农业大学农学院,北京100193 [2]农业农村部农作制度重点实验室,北京100193 [3]吉林省白城市农业科学院,吉林白城137000

出　　处：《中国农业大学学报》2021年第8期23-32,共10页Journal of China Agricultural University

基　　金：国家燕麦荞麦产业技术体系项目(CARS07-B-5)。

摘　　要：为筛选出最佳的燕麦与豆科作物间作模式,基于2011—2014年大田试验和生命周期评价方法,定量分析燕麦‖绿豆、燕麦‖花生与燕麦‖大豆3种间作模式的产量、经济效益与碳足迹。研究表明,3种间作模式均具有显著的产量优势,其中燕麦‖花生和燕麦‖大豆的土地当量比分别为1.41和1.46,比燕麦‖绿豆高18.5%和22.7%。与燕麦‖绿豆和燕麦‖花生相比,燕麦‖大豆在年际间具有更高的产量稳定性。在3种间作模式中,燕麦与绿豆、花生和大豆3种作物间作的竞争力分别为0.13、0.65和-0.96。燕麦‖花生和燕麦‖大豆的单位面积碳足迹分别为1703.2和1661.2kg/hm^(2),比燕麦‖绿豆低18.6%和20.6%。燕麦‖绿豆、燕麦‖花生和燕麦‖大豆的单位当量产量碳足迹分别为0.59、0.35和0.31kg/kg。燕麦‖花生和燕麦‖大豆的经济效益分别为12015和13673元/hm^(2),分别比燕麦‖绿豆高59.5%和81.5%。综合分析认为,燕麦‖大豆的产量和经济效益较高,碳足迹较低,在吉林省西部地区具备推广应用价值。To determine the yield advantages,economic benefits and carbon footprints of the intercropping systems,field experiments of oat‖mung bean,oat‖peanut,and oat‖soybean intercropping were conducted in Baicheng City,Jilin Province from 2011 to 2014.The results showed all intercropping patterns displayed significant yield advantages compared with the corresponding monocultures.The land equivalent ratios(LER)of oat‖peanut and oat‖soybean were 1.41 and 1.46,respectively,which were 18.5% and 22.7% higher than that of oat‖mung bean.Compared with oat‖mung bean and oat‖peanut,oat‖soybean had stronger yield stabilities in the experimental years.The aggressivity indexes of oat intercropped with mung bean,peanut,and soybean were 0.13,0.65,and-0.96,respectively.The carbon footprints per unit area of oat‖peanut and oat‖soybean intercropping system were 1 703.2 and 1 661.2 kg/hm^(2),which were 18.6% and 20.6%lower than that of oat‖mung bean.The carbon footprints per unit equivalent yield of oat‖mung bean,oat‖peanut,and oat‖soybean intercropping systems were 0.59,0.35,and0.31 kg/kg,respectively.The economic benefits of oat‖peanut and oat‖soybean were 12 015 and 13 673 yuan/hm^(2),which were 59.5% and 81.5% higher than that of oat‖mung bean,respectively.In summary,the oat‖soybean has a higher yield and economic benefit,simultaneously a lower carbon footprint than oat‖peanut and oat‖mung bean.Therefore,oat‖soybean is the most profitable alternative intercropping pattern in the semi-arid regions of Western of Jilin Province.

关 键 词：燕麦 豆科作物 间作 经济效益 碳足迹 

分 类 号：S344.2[农业科学—作物栽培与耕作技术] S512.6[农业科学—农艺学]