对中国皮肤科医生关于饮食影响银屑病的认知调查:一项横断面分析  

Chinese dermatologistsperceptions of effects of diet on psoriasis:a questionnaire-based cross-sectional survey

作　　者：朱冠男[1] 徐峰 俞晨[1] 刘茜[1] 王刚[1] Zhu Guannan;Xu Feng;Yu Chen;Liu Qian;Wang Gang(Department of Dermatology,Xijing Hospital,The Fourth Military Medical University,Xi'an 710032,China;Shanghai Maise Information Technology Co.,Ltd,Shanghai 201100,China)

机构地区：[1]第四军医大学西京皮肤医院,西安710032 [2]上海麦色信息科技有限公司,201100

出　　处：《中华皮肤科杂志》2021年第10期891-897,共7页Chinese Journal of Dermatology

基　　金：国家自然科学基金(82030096)。

摘　　要：目的了解我国皮肤科医生对饮食与银屑病相关性的观点并分析影响因素。方法采用优麦平台和微信平台,向全国皮肤科医生发放电子调查问卷,内容包括基本信息(11个条目)、临床决策(3个条目)、饮食对病情的影响认知(19个条目)。结果以频数表示,先行单因素χ2检验,选择有显著性差异的变量行二分类logistic回归分析。结果收到有效答卷3 905份。91%的医生认为银屑病受饮食因素影响,且多数人认为特定饮食会加重病情;大部分医生(80.1%)在工作中会提醒患者忌口,建议患者"忌口"的饮食种类前5位分别为海鲜(2 950,94.34%)、辛辣食物(2 599,83.11%)、酒(2 588,82.76%)、羊肉(1 995,63.8%)、牛肉(1 979,63.29%)。logistic回归分析显示,学历为大专、执业类别为中医和中西医结合、来自中医医院的医生建议患者忌口的概率高(均P < 0.001);执业类型为西医(P < 0.001)、银屑病特长(P < 0.001)告知患者无需忌口的概率高,来自市级(P = 0.025)、县级(P = 0.042)医院的医生告知患者无需忌口的概率低。执业类别为中医(P < 0.001)和中西医结合(P = 0.004)的医生认为食物加重病情的概率高,工作年限 > 20年(P < 0.001)及最高学历为博士(P = 0.008)的医生认为食物加重病情的概率低;最高学历为大专、来自中医医院的医生认为饮品加重病情的概率高(均P < 0.05);执业类别为中医和中西医结合以及中、高级职称医生、具有银屑病特长、出银屑病专病门诊和从事银屑病基础研究的医生认为食物减轻病情的概率更高(均P < 0.05);中医医院、工作年限 > 5年、大专学历、从事银屑病基础研究的医生认为饮品减轻病情的概率高(均P < 0.05)。结论我国皮肤科医生认为饮食与银屑病病情相关及要求患者"忌口"的比例高,该认知与医生学历、执业类别、单位性质及医院所在地区有关。Objective To investigate Chinese dermatologists'perceptions of the correlation between diet and psoriasis,and to analyze factors influencing their perceptions.Methods An exploratory-survey study was conducted among Chinese dermatologists via the WeChat and Umer doctor platforms.The questionnaire consisted of 3 sections including career background characteristics(11 items),dietary suggestions(3 items)and perceptions of effects of diet on psoriasis(19 items).The results were expressed in frequency,assessed by chi-square test,and variables with significant differences were subjected to binary logistic regression analysis.Results A total of 3905 valid questionnaires were received.Among these responders,91% believed psoriasis could be affected by dietaiy factors,and most believed certain diets could aggravate the severity of psoriasis;most dermatologists(80.1%)suggested patients avoid some foods or drinks,and the top 5 foods or drinks suggested to be avoided were seafood(2950,94.34%),spicy food(2599,83.11%),wine(258&82.76%),mutton(1995,63.8%)and beef(1979,63.29%).Logistic regression analysis revealed that doctors with a college degree,practitioners of traditional Chinese medicine or integrated traditional Chinese and Western medicine,and those from hospitals of traditional Chinese medicine were more likely to suggest food or drink avoidance(all P<0.001);practitioners of Western medicine(P<0.001)and those specializing in psoriasis(P<0.001)were more likely to inform that there was no need for food or drink avoidance.while those from municipal or county hospitals were less likely to inform that(P=0.025,0.042,respectively).Practitioners of traditional Chinese medicine(P<0.001)or integrated traditional Chinese and Western medicine(P=0.004)were more likely to believe that foods could aggravate the disease condition,while clinicians with working experience of more than 20 years(P<0.01)and those with a doctor degree(P=0.008)were less likely to think s0;doctors with a college degree.and those from traditional Chinese medicine

关 键 词：银屑病 食品 饮料 认知 横断面研究 

分 类 号：R758.63[医药卫生—皮肤病学与性病学] R193[医药卫生—临床医学]