地铁不同轨道类型振动传递规律对比研究  

Comparative Research on the Vibration Transmission Law of Different Subway Track Types

作　　者：曾志平[1] 黄相东 王卫东 朱志辉[1] 吴志鹏[1] ZENG Zhiping;HUANG Xiangdong;WANG Weidong;ZHU Zhihui;WU Zhipeng(Central South University,Changsha,Hunan 410075,China;MOE Key Laboratory of Engineering Structures of Heavy Haul Railway(Central South University),Changsha,Hunan 410075,China)

机构地区：[1]中南大学,长沙410075 [2]重载铁路工程结构教育部重点试验室(中南大学),长沙410075

出　　处：《铁道工程学报》2021年第7期74-79,112,共7页Journal of Railway Engineering Society

基　　金：湖南省自然科学基金项目(2019JJ40384);中南大学中央高校基本科研业务费专项资金资助(2019zzts873)。

摘　　要：研究目的:为克服现场试验对轨道结构振动传递规律评估时存在的误差较大、传感器测点的有限性等问题,并全面研究地铁轨道的动力响应及振动传递规律,采用有限元软件建立普通轨道、中等减振扣件轨道、梯形轨枕轨道、钢弹簧浮置板轨道4种不同轨道-隧道系统,模拟落轴冲击试验,进行不同轨道类型振动传递规律对比研究。研究结论:(1)普通轨道和中等减振扣件轨道的道床竖向振动加速度最大值明显小于梯形轨枕轨道和钢弹簧浮置板轨道,对于隧道壁的竖向振动加速度最大值,普通轨道、中等减振扣件轨道、梯形轨枕轨道以及钢弹簧浮置板轨道依次降低;(2)钢轨至道床的竖向振动加速度最大值以及动应力最大值传递率均为中等减振扣件轨道最小,普通轨道次之,梯形轨枕轨道和钢弹簧浮置板轨道最大;(3)道床至隧道壁的竖向振动加速度最大值以及动应力最大值传递率均为中等减振扣件轨道最大,梯形轨枕轨道和钢弹簧浮置板轨道明显小于普通轨道和中等减振扣件轨道;(4)本研究成果对地铁轨道设计、选型以及轨道结构优化具有借鉴意义。Research purposes:There are some problems in the field vibration test,such as large errors,the limitation of sensor measuring points and so on.In order to overcome the above problems and comprehensively study the dynamic response and vibration transmission law of subway track,four different track tunnel systems,namely ordinary track,medium vibration damping fastener track,trapezoidal sleeper track and steel spring floating slab track,have been established by the finite element method to simulate the impact test of falling axle.The vibration transfer law of different track types has been compared.Research conclusions:(1)The maximum vertical vibration acceleration of the track bed of the ordinary track and medium vibration damping fastener track was obviously smaller than that of the trapezoidal sleeper track and steel spring floating slab track.For the maximum vertical vibration acceleration of the tunnel wall,the values of the ordinary track,the medium vibration damping fastener track,the trapezoidal sleeper track,and the steel spring floating slab track decreased in order.(2)The maximum vertical vibration acceleration and maximum dynamic stress transmission rate from rail to track bed were the lowest for medium damping fastener track,the values of the ordinary track were relatively higher,and the values of the trapezoidal sleeper track and steel spring floating slab track were the maximum.(3)The maximum vertical vibration acceleration and the maximum dynamic stress transmission rate from the track bed to the tunnel wall were the maximum for the medium vibration damping fastener track.By contrast,the values of the trapezoidal sleeper track and the steel spring floating slab track were significantly less than the ordinary track and medium damping fastener track.(4)The research results can provide important reference for the design,selection,and optimization of the subway track.

关 键 词：地铁 中等减振扣件轨道 梯形轨枕轨道 钢弹簧浮置板轨道 有限元 振动传递规律 对比分析 

分 类 号：U213.2[交通运输工程—道路与铁道工程]