英国新一轮中小学教师发展领导力框架改革探析  

The New Round of National Professional Qualification Reform of Leading Teachers in Primary and Secondary Schools in the U.K.

作　　者：周丽丽  ZHOU Lili;Peter McLaren(Faculty of Education,Tianjin Normal University,Tianjin 300387,China;College of Educational Research,Chapman University,California 92866,America)

机构地区：[1]天津师范大学教育学部,天津300387 [2]美国查普曼大学教育研究院,加利福尼亚92866

出　　处：《比较教育学报》2021年第5期118-131,共14页Journal of Comparative Education

基　　金：国家社科基金“十三五”规划2017年度教育学一般课题“基于能力水平诊断的中小学班主任培训课程研究”(项目编号:BHA170159);吉林省社会科学基金项目“基于批判教育学的课程知识选择研究”(项目编号:2019c75)。

摘　　要：有经验教师是教师队伍的重要力量。当前英国有经验教师的流失现象日益严重,在职的有经验教师遭受到不公平待遇。英国单一的以学校领导为目标的晋升路径阻碍了不选择成为学校管理者的有经验教师的专业发展道路。基于此,英国政府于2020年10月出台了中小学《教师发展领导力框架》,为致力于课堂教学的教师提供深化自身专业发展和指导其他教师专业成长的机会。该框架从教学、设计和保障有效的专业发展方案、实施四个方面以及"学习什么"和"学习如何做"两个层面规定了领导型教师在引领教师发展方面应该具备的知识、技能和行为。领导型教师在教学方面,应该提高自身的教学能力,掌握学生的学习心理,有能力开展适应性教学;在设计专业发展方案方面,注重指引实习教师和新任教师提高教学质量,根据教师的发展专长制订针对性方案;在保障专业发展方案方面,注重内部和外部专业知识的流动,重视在跨专业团队中引入专家教师的力量;在实施方面,关注学校资源的整体统筹,确保学校各方力量对实施的支持,通过监测和评估实施过程维持实施成果。英国中小学教师发展领导力框架启发我国重视领导型教师对新任教师的引领作用,注意发挥跨学科教师团队的协作效应,促进学校整体与教师个体的协调发展。Experienced teachers are an important force.At present,the loss of experienced teachers in Britain is becoming more and more serious,and experienced teachers suffer from unfair treatments.The single career path aiming at school leadership in Britain hinders the professional development path of experienced teachers who are unwilling to become leaders.Based on these,the British government issued National Professional Qualification for Leading Teacher Development Framework(NPQLTD)in October 2020,which provides opportunities for teachers who are committed to teaching to deepen their own professional development and guide other teachers’professional development.The professional qualification specifies the knowledge,skills,and behaviors that a leading teacher should possess in four aspects,saying teaching,designing and delivering effective professional development,implementation,and in two types of content:"learn that"and"learn how to".In terms of teaching,leading teachers should improve their teaching abilities,understand students’learning psychology,and have the ability to carry out adaptive teaching;in terms of designing professional development programs,they should pay attention to guiding interns and novice teachers to improve teaching quality,and formulate targeted programs according to teachers’development expertise;in terms of delivering professional development programs,they should pay attention to internal and external professional knowledge,and the introduction of expert teachers into the interdisciplinary team;in terms of implementation,they should pay attention to the overall planning of school resources,ensure the support of all parties in the school,and maintain the implementation results by monitoring and evaluating the implementation process.NPQLTD inspires Chinese leading teachers to attach importance to the practice of guiding new teachers,pay attention to the collaborative effect of interdisciplinary teacher team,and promote the coordinated development of the whole school and individual teache

关 键 词：教师领导力 专业资格 教师留用 英国 

分 类 号：G4[文化科学—教育学]