脑地图:电影化表意机制的空间认知阐释  

Mentalmap:a spatial cognitive interpretation of cinematic expression mechanism

作　　者：吴明[1] WU Ming

机构地区：[1]华东师范大学传播学院,上海200241

出　　处：《东南大学学报（哲学社会科学版）》2021年第5期96-105,151,152,共12页Journal of Southeast University(Philosophy and Social Science)

基　　金：上海市哲学社会科学一般项目“电影对中国画视觉机制的传承与创新研究”(2019BWY015)阶段性成果。

摘　　要：电影化表意是电影运用视听艺术手段,把抽象的概念或意象转化为空间形态的过程,这是电影区别于其他艺术门类的媒介根基。究其背后的主导机制,电影的空间化转译手段是基于人脑的空间认知图式,以类似于认知地图的原理来运作。围绕地图化空间认知问题,应首先从整体上建构电影制作流程与大脑神经系统的模组化映射机制的同构关系。进而从蒙太奇、故事线、场面调度等具体电影化手段,阐释它们如何以构建认知地图的方式,绘制不可见的心象世界。最后针对“俯瞰视点”这一电影叙事核心问题,通过西方地图的基督教传统,探究“俯瞰”作为全知认知的逻辑表征。借助中国舆图对经验视点与情感的表达,可以解释为何能用俯瞰视点展现内心世界。Cinematographic representation distinguishes itself in art in that it is a process where films transform abstract concepts or imagery into spatial forms by means of audiovisual art means.Although the current research has discussed the spatialized representation,it neglects the mechanism for it.This paper argues that the spatialized transliteration in film is based on the spatial cognitive schema of the human brain,which operates on a principle similar to that of cognitive maps.The paper firstly points out the isomorphic relationship between film production process as a whole and the modal mapping mechanism of the brain’s nervous system,and then explains how montage,story line,scene scheduling and other cinematographic devices map the invisible world of the mind in a way that constructs a cognitive map.Finally,in response to the issue of“overlooking perspective”in film narrative,it argues that this perspective is the logical representation of omniscient cognition through the Christian tradition of Western maps.With the help of expression of experience and emotions in ancient Chinese maps,the paper explains how the inner world can be shown through the overlooking lens.

关 键 词：电影化表意 空间认知 认知地图 俯瞰视点 脑地图 

分 类 号：G63[文化科学—教育学]