CRISPR核酸检测技术的研究进展  

Research progress of nucleic acid detection technology based on clustered regularly interspaced short palindromic repeats

作　　者：王紫怡 黄迪 徐颖华[2] 黄磊[1] 连佳长 徐志南[1] WANG Zi-Yi;HUANG Di;XU Ying-Hua;HUANG Lei;LIAN Jia-Zhang;XU Zhi-Nan(College of Chemical and Biological Engineering,Zhejiang University,Hangzhou 310027,China;National Institutes for Food and Drug Control,Beijing 100820,China)

机构地区：[1]浙江大学化学工程与生物工程学院,杭州310027 [2]中国食品药品检定研究院,北京100820

出　　处：《食品安全质量检测学报》2021年第17期6711-6719,共9页Journal of Food Safety and Quality

基　　金：国家重点研发计划项目(2018YFC1603902);杭州市科技发展计划项目(20202013A02)。

摘　　要：作为一种新兴的基因组编辑和调控工具,CRISPR(clustered regularly interspaced short palindromic repeats)技术的诞生和发展极大地改变了生物学领域的前进方向。近几年来,CRISPR系统及其相关蛋白(Cas效应蛋白)的工作原理被逐渐揭示,由于其优越的灵敏度和特异性,该技术在多个领域开始发挥至关重要的作用。借助其新颖的核酸酶活性,人们打开了研发核酸检测新方法的大门。本文总结了多种CRISPR/Cas系统及其在核酸检测领域的应用和局限性,并对其后续发展方向进行了展望。随着该技术的不断成熟,CRISPR/Cas系统将进一步推动基础生物学和应用生物学的研究,并有潜力成为下一代诊断生物传感平台的候选者。As an emerging genome editing and regulation tool,the discovery and development of clustered regularly interspaced short palindromic repeats(CRISPR)technology have greatly changed the direction of the biological field.In recent years,the working principle of the CRISPR system and its related proteins(Cas effector proteins)have been revealed.Due to its outstanding sensitivity and specificity,this technology has also begun to play a vital role in several research fields.With its novel nuclease activity,the door was opened to develop new methods for nucleic acid detection.This article summarized the CRISPR/Cas systems and their applications and limitations in the nucleic acid detection field,and prospected for their subsequent development.With the technology maturing gradually,the CRISPR/Cas systems were expected to promote the research of basic biology and applied biology and had the potential to become a candidate for the next generation of diagnostic biosensing platforms.

关 键 词：CRISPR/Cas技术 Cas蛋白 核酸检测 

分 类 号：Q78[生物学—分子生物学]