有水与无水保活运输对大菱鲆生理应激及鱼肉品质的影响  

Effects of transport in water and waterless transport on physiological stress and flesh quality of turbot(Scophthalmus maximus)

作　　者：曹杰 王琪 梅俊 谢晶[1,2,3,4] CAO Jie;WANG Qi;MEI Jun;XIE Jing(College of Food Science and Technology,Shanghai Ocean University,Shanghai 201306,China;National Experimental Teaching Demonstration Center for Food Science and Engineering,Shanghai Ocean University,Shanghai 201306,China;Shanghai Aquatic Products Processing and Storage Engineering Technology Research Center,Shanghai Ocean University,Shanghai 201306,China;Collaborative Innovation Center of Seafood Deep Processing,Ministry of Education,Dalian 116034,China)

机构地区：[1]上海海洋大学食品学院,上海201306 [2]上海海洋大学,食品科学与工程国家级实验教学示范中心,上海201306 [3]上海海洋大学,上海水产品加工及贮藏工程技术中心,上海201306 [4]教育部海洋食品精深加工关键技术省部共建协同创新中心,大连116034

出　　处：《水产学报》2021年第7期1034-1042,共9页Journal of Fisheries of China

基　　金：2019年上海市科技兴农重点攻关项目(2019-02-08-00-10-F01143);农业农村部海水鱼产业体系,加工研究室保鲜与贮运岗位专项(CARS-47-G26);上海市科委工程技术研究中心能力提升项目(19DZ2284000)。

摘　　要：为探究大菱鲆分别在有水及无水条件下运输过程中生理生化指标及肌肉品质的变化,为大菱鲆的保活运输提供参考。将大菱鲆进行暂养、降温、充氧包装后进行模拟运输,并在运输不同时间段取样,检测大菱鲆生理生化指标及肌肉指标。结果显示,模拟运输18 h后,有水运输组和无水运输组中的大菱鲆存活率仍为100%。大菱鲆肌肉中水分含量、粗脂肪、pH、糖原、三磷酸腺苷(ATP)和腺苷酸(AMP)含量显著降低,乳酸和肌苷酸(IMP)含量升高。其中,有水运输组中的大菱鲆AMP含量降低了38.65%,IMP含量增加了29.1%,无水运输组中的大菱鲆AMP含量降低了12.83%,IMP含量增加了28.47%。大菱鲆血液生化指标中,葡萄糖、尿素氮和皮质醇含量显著升高。运输过程后,无水运输组中大菱鲆生理应激及能量代谢指标的变化幅度均小于有水运输处理组中的大菱鲆。此外,低温无水运输组大菱鲆肌肉中呈味核苷酸IMP和AMP含量显著高于有水运输组,表明低温无水运输增加了大菱鲆呈鲜味物质的含量,提高了鱼肉风味。研究表明,低温无水保活技术在活鱼运输中具有广泛的应用前景。In order to investigate the changes of physiological and biochemical indexes and flesh quality of turbot(Scophthalmus maximus) during transportation in water and without water to provide reference for the preservation and transportation of S. maximus, in this study, turbots were placed under water and waterless conditions for simulated transportation experiments to compare the changes of physiological and biochemical indexes and muscle quality of S. maximus in different transportation environments and to provide reference for the preservation of S.maximus in transportation. In the experiment, the purchased S. maximus was temporarily reared, cooled, oxygenated and packed for transport, and samples were taken from S. maximus at different times of transport to test the physiological and biochemical indexes and muscle indexes of S. maximus. The results showed that after 18 hours of simulated transportation, the survival rate of S. maximus in the water transport group and the waterless transport group remained 100%. The water content, crude fat, pH, glycogen, adenosine triphosphate(ATP) and adenosine monophosphate(AMP) contents in S. maximus muscle decreased significantly, lactate and inosine monophosphate(IMP) contents increased. Among them, the AMP content of S. maximus in the group transported in water decreased by 38.65% and the IMP content increased by 29.1%, while the AMP content of turbot in the group transported without water decreased by 12.83% and the IMP content increased by 28.47%;among the blood biochemical indexes of S. maximus, blood glucose(GLU), blood urea nitrogen(BUN) and cortisol levels increased significantly. After transportation, the changes of physiological stress and energy metabolism indexes of turbot in the waterless transportation group were smaller than those in the water transportation treatment group. In addition, the content of flavorful nucleotides IMP and AMP in the muscle of turbot in the low-temperature anhydrous transportation group was significantly higher than that of S. maximus

关 键 词：大菱鲆 运输压力 生理应激 肌肉品质 

分 类 号：TS254.4[轻工技术与工程—水产品加工及贮藏工程]