两种肝胰腺色泽中华绒螯蟹营养品质比较  

Comparison of Nutritional Quality of Adult Chinese Mitten Handed Crab(Eriocheir sinensis)With Different Hepatic Color

作　　者：王世会[1] 成永旭[2] 贾智英[1] 李池陶[1] 张旭彬[3] 石连玉[1] WANG Shihui;CHENG Yongxu;JIA Zhiying;LI Chitao;ZHANG Xubin;SHI Lianyu(Key Open Laboratory of Cold Water Fish Germplasm Resources and Breeding of Heilongjiang Province,Heilongjiang Fisheries Research Institute,Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences,Harbin 150070,China;Key Laboratory of Freshwater Aquatic Genetic Resources,Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs,Shanghai Ocean University,Shanghai 201306,China;Heilongjiang Fisheries Technology Extension Center,Harbin 150010,China)

机构地区：[1]中国水产科学研究院黑龙江水产研究所,黑龙江省冷水性鱼类种质资源及增养殖重点开放实验室,黑龙江哈尔滨150070 [2]上海海洋大学农业农村部淡水种质资源重点实验室,上海201306 [3]黑龙江省水产技术推广总站,黑龙江哈尔滨150010

出　　处：《水产学杂志》2021年第4期27-34,共8页Chinese Journal of Fisheries

基　　金：中央级公益性科研院所基本科研业务费专项(HSY202008Q);现代农业产业技术体系专项(CARS-48).

摘　　要：将辽河水系中华绒螯蟹Eriocheir sinensis扣蟹饲养在10.4 m×7.6 m×1.2 m、前期为伊乐藻Elodea nuttallii,后期搭配喜旱莲子草Alternanthera philoxeroides和苦草Vallisneria natans的3口池塘中,密度约为1.2只/m2。经7个月左右的常规养殖后,雌、雄体平均体质量分别为(97.03±6.91)g和(153.79±6.98)g,采集肝胰腺偏黑色泽(河蟹Ⅰ)和正常色泽(河蟹Ⅱ)的河蟹样品共24只(雌雄各半),活体解剖,测定总可食率(TEY)、常规营养成分含量和脂肪酸组成。结果显示:河蟹Ⅰ和河蟹Ⅱ雌体TEY存在极显著差异(P<0.01),雄体出肉率(MY)和TEY存在显著性差异(P<0.05),其余指标无显著性差异(P>0.05)。除雌体肥满度(CF)相同外,河蟹Ⅱ各项数值均要高于河蟹Ⅰ。雌体肝胰腺中总脂、肌肉中粗蛋白和总脂含量存在极显著差异(P<0.01);肝胰腺中水分,性腺中粗蛋白含量存在显著性差异(P<0.05)。雄体肌肉中粗蛋白含量存在极显著差异(P<0.01);肝胰腺中水分、粗蛋白、总脂,性腺中粗蛋白含量存在显著性差异(P<0.05)。肝胰腺中脂肪酸差异项占总参数的比例为23/52,超过40%参数存在显著性差异(P<0.05),而在性腺和肌肉中此比例仅为10%和15%左右。综上所述,两组河蟹总可食率、可食组织中总脂和蛋白含量、肝胰腺中超过40%的脂肪酸参数存在显著性差异(P<0.05),而肥满度、肌肉和性腺中脂肪酸差异不显著(P>0.05),两组河蟹营养价值均较高。Juvenile Chinese mitten handed crab(Eriocheir sinensis)derived from Liaohe River were reared in three 10.4 m × 7.6 m× 1.2 m ponds planted early with aquatic plant Elodea nuttallii later with Alternanthera philoxeroides and Vallisneria natans at a stocking density of 1.2 ind./m2. After 7 months of routine culture, the total edible rate(TEY), approximate nutrient contents and fatty acid composition and contents were determined in 24 samples of Chinese mitten handed crab with black color(Chinese mitten handed crab Ⅰ)and normal color(Chinese mitten handed crab Ⅱ)(male∶female=1∶1)with average body weight of(97.03 ± 6.91)g in female and(153.79 ± 6.98)g in male. The results showed that there was a very significant difference in TEY in female between Chinese mitten handed crab Ⅰ and Chinese mitten handed crab Ⅱ(P < 0.01), and there was significant difference in meat yield(MY)and TEY in male between Chinese mitten handed crab Ⅰ and Chinese mitten handed crab Ⅱ(P < 0.05), without significant difference in other indicators(P > 0.05). Except for females with the same fullness(CF), the Chinese mitten handed crab Ⅱ had higher other indices than Chinese mitten handed crab Ⅰ did. There was very significant difference in lipid in hepatopancreas, and protein and lipid in muscle in females(P < 0.01), with significantly different moisture in hepatopancreas, and protein in gonad in females(P < 0.05), and with very significant difference in only protein in muscle in males(P < 0.01). Significant difference was observed in moisture, protein,and lipid in hepatopancreas, and protein in gonad(P < 0.05). More than 40% parameters of fatty acid in hepatopancreas were found to be significant different between these two groups(P < 0.05), with the proportion of 10% in gonad and 15% in muscle. In conclusion,there was a significant difference in TEY, contents of lipid and protein in edible tissues, and more than 40% fatty acid parameters in hepatopancreas between Chinese mitten handed crab Ⅱ had higher other indices than

关 键 词：中华绒螯蟹 肝胰腺 色泽 营养品质 脂肪酸 

分 类 号：TS254.1[轻工技术与工程—水产品加工及贮藏工程]