面向空间机械臂遥操作任务的情境意识研究  

Research on Situation Awareness for Teleoperation Mission of Space Manipulator

作　　者：李魏然 薛书骐 张绍尧 蒋婷[2] 于洪强[2] 张博俊 王春慧[2] LI Weiran;XUE Shuqi;ZHANG Shaoyao;JIANG Ting;YU Hongqiang;ZHANG Bojun;WANG Chunhui(Department of Graduate School,Space Engineering University,Beijing 101416,China;National Key Laboratory of Human Factors Engineering,China Astronaut Research and Training Center,Beijing 100094,China;Department of Mechanical Engineering,Xi’an Jiaotong University,Xi’an 710049,China)

机构地区：[1]航天工程大学研究生院,北京101416 [2]中国航天员科研训练中心人因工程重点实验室,北京100094 [3]西安交通大学机械学院,西安710049

出　　处：《载人航天》2021年第5期566-573,共8页Manned Spaceflight

基　　金：人因工程国防科技重点实验室自主课题(SYFD170051802);人因工程国防科技重点实验室装备预先研究项目(6142222180306)。

摘　　要：研究不同难易度的遥操作任务与不同的操作条件对操作者的情境意识水平影响。招募20名志愿者开展遥操作任务模拟实验,实验难度分为简单、困难2组,操作条件分有辅助信息、无辅助信息2组,设计两因素两水平的2×2实验。使用情境意识综合评价技术测量志愿者在操作过程中的情境意识水平,并收集志愿者绩效数据、眼动数据与NASA-TLX量表数据。结果表明:不同的任务难度和是否显示辅助信息,对志愿者情境意识水平均有影响,是否有辅助信息相较于不同任务难度对志愿者的情境意识水平影响更显著(P<0.05)。机械臂遥操作任务中,操作界面中的辅助信息显示对提高志愿者情境意识、任务绩效与降低认知负荷的影响显著。从两种熟练度志愿者的眼动数据及情境意识水平来看,高熟练度有助于对操作中辅助信息的利用从而使认知水平提高更多。The situation awareness level of human under different difficulties of teleoperation tasks and different operating conditions were studied in this paper.Twenty subjects were recruited to carry out simulated teleoperation task experiment.The experimental difficulties were divided into simple and difficult groups,and the operation conditions were divided into auxiliary information and no auxiliary information groups.A 2×2 experiment with two factors and two levels was designed.Situation aware-ness global assessment technique questionnaire was used to measure the level of situational awareness during the operation.At the same time,the performance data,the eye movement data and the NASA-TLX scale data of subjects were collected.Different task difficulties and whether to display auxiliary information both had an impact on the operator’s situational awareness level,and whether there was auxiliary information had a more significant impact on the operator’s situational awareness level than that of the different task difficulties(P<0.05).In the manipulator teleoperation task,the display of auxiliary information in the operation interface had a significant impact on improving the situational awareness,task performance and reducing cognitive load of the operator.From the eye movement data and situational awareness level of volunteers with two proficiency levels,high proficiency was condu-cive to the use of auxiliary information in operation,thus improving the cognitive level more.

关 键 词：机械臂 遥操作 工效学 情境意识 

分 类 号：V7[航空宇航科学技术]