壮族村落学前儿童国家通用语言能力发展及其城乡差异累积效应  

Development of Chinese Language Proficiency of Pre-school Children in Zhuang Villages and Its Cumulative Effect of Urban-Rural Differences

作　　者：罗兰兰 侯莉敏 张义宾[2,3] Luo Lan-lan;Hou Li-min;Zhang Yi-bin(Faculty of Education,Guangxi Normal University,Guilin 541004;Institute of Brain and Education Innovation,East China Normal University,Shanghai 200062;Child Language Research Center,East China Normal University,Shanghai 200062)

机构地区：[1]广西师范大学教育学部,桂林541004 [2]华东师范大学脑科学与教育创新研究院,上海200062 [3]华东师范大学儿童语言研究中心,上海200062

出　　处：《民族教育研究》2021年第4期65-74,共10页Journal of Research on Education for Ethnic Minorities

基　　金：2020年度广西中华民族共同体意识研究院开放性课题“民族地区儿童中华民族共同体意识培育的支持体系研究”(项目编号:2020GXMGY0106);广西教育科学“十三五”规划民族教育研究专项课题“广西学前双语教育发展现状研究”(项目编号2019ZJY066)的阶段性成果。

摘　　要：通过对壮族村落学前儿童的国家通用语言能力发展及存在的城乡差异问题进行考查,发现同在村落中壮族和汉族学前儿童国家通用语言能力的群体差异不显著。与城市学前儿童相比,村落学前儿童的国家通用语言能力在儿童2岁6个月前已经出现落后,且存在显著的城乡差异,这种城乡差异具有两个特点:一是具有累积性,即随着年龄增长差距不断加大;二是其累积效应在叙事能力方面更为凸显,即随着年龄增长儿童叙事能力城乡差距存在的平行态势可能与随着年龄不断扩大的词汇差距有关。因此,要重视贫困村落中学前儿童的国家通用语言能力发展,并尽早进行有效的语言干预。应当加大对贫困地区村落儿童国家通用语言能力发展的支持和监测力度,构建幼儿园—家庭—社区三位一体的儿童国家通用语言能力提升的支持网络,以早期阅读为抓手,加强贫困地区幼儿园国家通用语言文字的课程建设。Based on the study on the development of the Mandarin Chinese of preschool children in Zhuang villages,the study found no significant ethnic difference between Han children and Zhuang children in the same village.Compared with urban preschool children,the national common language ability of village preschool children has lagged behind before the age of 2 and 6 months,and there is a significant urban and rural effect.This urban-rural effect has two characteristics:First is cumulative,that is,with the increasing gap in age;Second,its cumulative effect is more prominent in narrative ability,that is,the parallel situation of the gap between urban and rural narrative ability of children with age may be related to the widening vocabulary gap with age.Therefore,we should pay attention to the attention and support of the development of national common language ability of children in poor villages before middle school,and intervene as soon as possible.In this regard,we should strengthen the monitoring and policy support for the Mandarin Chinese language proficiency of Zhuang village children in poor areas,and build a support network for promoting children’s Mandarin Chinese language proficiency.Moreover,early literacy is also important to strengthen the curriculum construction of Chinese language proficiency in kindergartens in poor areas.

关 键 词：学前儿童 国家通用语言能力 壮族村落 城乡差异 累积效应 语言干预 

分 类 号：G750[文化科学—教育学]