肉桂萃取物的抑菌活性及其石油醚萃取物对水稻恶苗病抑菌机理研究  

Study on antifungal activity of cinnamon extracts and inhibitory mechanism of its petroleum ether extract on bakanae

作　　者：赵鑫[1] 王文萱 李云鹏 李晨 Zhao Xin;Wang Wenxuan;Li Yunpeng;Li Chen(College of Advanced Agriculture and Ecological Environment,Heilongjiang University,Harbin Heilongjiang 150080,China)

机构地区：[1]黑龙江大学现代农业与生态环境学院,黑龙江哈尔滨150080

出　　处：《中国植保导刊》2021年第9期15-21,共7页China Plant Protection

基　　金：国家自然科学基金(31870528);黑龙江省科学基金(QC2014C024)。

摘　　要：为了探讨肉桂萃取物的抑菌活性及活性部位的抑菌机理,以菌丝生长速率法测定各萃取物对水稻恶苗病菌、黄瓜枯萎病病菌、稻瘟病病菌、白菜黑斑病病菌、番茄早疫病病菌的抑菌活性,并用抑菌活性较高的石油醚萃取物对水稻恶苗病病菌的毒力进行测定,观测其对菌丝生长形态、细胞膜透性和物质合成与代谢的影响。结果表明,肉桂提取物质量浓度为10 mg/mL时,其石油醚、乙酸乙酯、正丁醇3种萃取物和水相萃余物对5种植物病原真菌表现出不同的抑菌活性。其中石油醚萃取物对5种病原真菌菌丝生长的抑制作用较强,对水稻恶苗病病菌菌丝生长的抑制活性最高,抑制率为51.84%;其对水稻恶苗病病菌菌丝生长和孢子萌发的EC50分别为7.92 mg/mL和15.21 mg/mL。扫描电镜下观察到石油醚萃取物处理后的水稻恶苗病病菌菌丝发生畸形、皱缩现象;并且随着质量浓度增加,菌丝相对电导率和丙二醛含量逐渐增加;而菌丝体内可溶性蛋白和可溶性糖含量逐渐减少。To explore the antifungal activity of cinnamon extracts and the inhibitory mechanism of active parts,we studied the antifungal effects of the extracts on mycelial growth of Fusarium moniliforme Sheld,Fusarium oxysporum(Schl.)F.sp cucumerinum Owen,Pyricularia grisea(Cooke)Sacc,A lternaria brassicae(Berk.)Sacc,and A lternaria solani(Ell.et Mart.)Jones et Grout.The toxicity of cinnamon petroleum ether extract against F.moniliforme was determined by analyzing its effects on the cell morphology,cell membrane permeability,and synthesis and metabolism.The results showed that the petroleum ether,ethyl acetate,n-butanol,and aqueous solution of cinnamon extract of 10 mg/ml showed different antifungal activities against five plant pathogenic fungi.Among them,petroleum ether extract had strong inhibitory effects on the mycelial growth of five pathogenic fungi,and the inhibitory activity on the mycelial growth of F.moniliforme was the highest,with an inhibition rate of 51.84%.The EC50 s of petroleum ether extract on the mycelial growth and spore germination of F.moniliforme were 7.92 mg/ml and 15.21 mg/ml,respectively.Under the scanning electron microscope,it was observed that the hyphae of the pathogen were deformed and shrunk after being treated with petroleum ether extract.The relative conductivity and malondialdehyde content of the hyphae increased gradually with the increase of cinnamon extract mass concentration,while the soluble protein and soluble sugar content in the hyphae decreased.

关 键 词：肉桂萃取物 抑菌活性 抑菌机理 水稻恶苗病菌 

分 类 号：S435.111.44[农业科学—农业昆虫与害虫防治]