基于心理旋转的小学生物进化树教学实验报告  

Experimental Report of the Teaching of Evolutionary Trees Based on Mental Rotation in Primary School

作　　者：孔艺 王蕾 倪锦月 KONG Yi;WANG Lei;NI Jin-yue

机构地区：[1]福建师范大学教育学部,福建福州350117 [2]龙岩市松涛第二小学,福建龙岩364000 [3]福州市文博中学,福建福州350117

出　　处：《天津市教科院学报》2021年第5期57-62,共6页Journal of Tianjin Academy of Educational Science

基　　金：福建省教育科学“十三五”规划重点课题“基于空间思维训练的学生‘树式思维能力’培养研究”(FJJKCGZ18-813);福建省教育厅中青年教师教育科研项目“小学生‘树式思维能力’培养研究”(JAS180044)。

摘　　要：我国小学科学课程标准明确列出了生物进化的基本内容,但是进化树作为理解生物进化的关键工具却并未引起重视。文章基于当前进化树教学的研究成果并结合我国小学生学情,确立了在小学阶段开展进化树教学的教学目标和内容,运用建构主义的学习理论为进化树教学活动的组织提供了理论指导,合理利用学生的前概念、创设问题情境及运用心理旋转能力等策略设计了具体的教学过程。为检测进化树教学设计的实施效果,依据安德森修订的布鲁姆认知教育目标编制测验卷、SOLO分类评价理论制定评价标准,采用单组前后测设计对69名六年级学生和72名五年级学生进行教学实验,结果表明进化树教学能显著提高学生对进化树的认知,此教学设计可为小学教师开展进化树教学提供参考。Biological evolution is clearly listed in the primary science curriculum standards in China.However,evolutionary tree as a key tool for the understanding biological evolution is ignored in the teaching of evolution.This study developed and implemented an evolutionary tree curricular module in China.Current research outcomes of the teaching and learning of ev-olutionary trees as well as the learning situations of primary students in China were considered in the development of the evolutionary tree curricular module.Constructivism learning theory was adopted to guide the organization of the classroom activities.Students'preconceptions,problem-based learning environment,and students'mental rotation abilities were included in the evolutionary tree curricular module.A test was developed based on the revised Bloom's taxonomy of educational objectives by Anderson in the cognitive domain to evaluate students'learning outcomes.The evaluation standard was set up based on the SOLO Taxono-my.A quasi-experimental one group pretest-posttest design was adopted with a total of 69 sixth graders and 72 fifth graders participated in this study.Results shown that this evolu-tionary tree curricular module can significantly improve students'understanding of evolution-ary trees which approved that this evolutionary tree curricular module can be used by primary teachers in classroom.

关 键 词：进化树 教学设计 实验研究 

分 类 号：G622.0[文化科学—教育学]