中国七城市婴儿用水现况调查  

Infant Water Use Survey in Seven Cities in China

作　　者：王学敏 刘玉峰[1] 李雅慧 赵祯 刘鹭 孙丰义 何梅[1] WANG Xue-min;LIU Yu-feng;LI Ya-hui;ZHAO Zhen;LIU Lu;SUN Feng-yi;HE Mei(Beijing Institute of Nutritional Resources,Beijing 100069,China;Food Evaluation Center of State Administration for Market Regulation,Beijing 100070,China)

机构地区：[1]北京市营养源研究所,北京100069 [2]国家市场监督管理总局食品审评中心,北京100070

出　　处：《中国食物与营养》2021年第10期79-84,共6页Food and Nutrition in China

摘　　要：目的:了解我国婴儿用水现况及不同用水种类对婴儿矿物质摄入的影响,为相关法规标准的制定提供参考。方法:采用回顾性问卷调查的方式调查了延吉、呼和浩特、海口、成都、杭州、银川、北京等7个城市0~1岁奶粉喂养婴儿的奶粉冲调用水、辅食冲调用水、饮用水的种类和用量,样本量为436份。结果:本次问卷调查回收问卷436份,共计434份有效问卷纳入分析,有效回收率为99.5%。家庭过滤水是常见的用水种类,自来水和矿泉水用水二者总和比例在40%以上。奶粉冲调用水、辅食冲调用水和饮用水种类三者一致者,占到76.3%,三者总用水量为(1162±372)mL。饮用水中对婴儿矿物质摄入影响较大的矿物质为镁、钙、钠、氯,尤其是镁。自来水和矿泉水带入的镁分别占0~6个月婴儿适宜摄入量的82.1%、129.6%,占7~12个月婴儿适宜摄入量的25.3%、39.9%。不同城市自来水矿物质带入占婴儿矿物质适宜摄入量的比例差异很大,而且不同城市自来水带入的主要矿物质也存在差异,主要为镁和钙;各城市自来水带入的钾均较低。结论:我国不同城市婴儿用水种类存在差异,自来水和矿泉水带入的矿物质尤其是镁、钙,对婴儿矿物质摄入的影响很大,建议出台针对婴儿饮用水及水中矿物质含量方面的标准要求,为婴儿饮水的生产、消费者选择提供科学依据。Objective To understand the current situation of infant water use in China and the influence of different types of water on infant mineral intake,and to provide reference for the formulation of relevant laws and standards.Method Retrospective questionnaire survey was conducted to investigate the types and dosage of water to deploy infant milk powder,supplementary food,and drinking for infants from 0 to 1 years old fed by milk powder in seven cities of Yanji,Hohhot,Haikou,Chengdu,Hangzhou,Yinchuan and Beijing.The sample size was 436.Result Totally 436 questionnaires were collected in this questionnaire survey,and a total of 434 valid questionnaires were included in the analysis,with an effective recovery rate of 99.5%.Home filtered water is the most common types of water,and the combined proportion of tap water and mineral water is more than 40 percent.The number of those who mixed milk powder,supplementary food and drinking water was 76.3%,the total water consumption was(1162±372)mL.Drinking water has a great effect on infant mineral intake,such as magnesium,calcium,sodium,chlorine,especially magnesium.Magnesium from tap water and mineral water accounted for82.1%and 129.6%of the appropriate intake for infants aged 0 to 6 months,25.3%and 39.9%of the appropriate intake for infants aged7 to 12 months,respectively.The proportion of mineral intake from tap water in infants’mineral intake varies greatly from region to region,and the mineral intake from tap water varies from region to region,mainly magnesium and calcium.Potassium from tap water was lower in all areas.Conclusion There are differences in the types of water used in different areas of China.The minerals from tap water and mineral water,especially magnesium and calcium,have a great impact on the mineral intake of infants.It is recommended to set standards for drinking water and mineral content of infants,so as to provide scientific basis for the production and consumer choice of drinking water for infants.

关 键 词：婴儿 用水种类 矿物质摄入 调查 

分 类 号：TS207[轻工技术与工程—食品科学]