动车组低频晃车原因分析及应对措施  

Research on the Causes and Improvement Measures for Low-frequency Shaking of EMU

作　　者：冯永华 张振先 梁海啸 李奕潇 池茂儒[2] FENG Yonghua;ZHANG Zhenxian;LIANG Haixiao;LI Yixiao;CHI Maoru(CRRC Qingdao Sifang Co.,Ltd.,Qingdao 266111 Shandong,China;State Key Laboratory of Traction Power,Southwest Jiaotong University,Chengdu 610031 Sichuan,China)

机构地区：[1]中车青岛四方机车车辆股份有限公司,山东青岛266111 [2]西南交通大学牵引动力国家重点实验室,成都610031

出　　处：《铁道机车车辆》2021年第5期11-16,共6页Railway Locomotive & Car

基　　金：国家重点研发计划项目(2018YFB1201700)。

摘　　要：针对动车组车轮旋修后发生车体低频横向晃动现象,通过现场调查、数据分析、仿真再现、试验验证,系统研究分析悬挂元件、踏面廓形、钢轨状态及轮轨匹配,识别横向振动特征及发生机理,并提出应对措施。结果表明:基于DIN 5573标准,采用廓形整体向轮缘侧平移的旋修方法,引起踏面接触区域斜率降低,加之与大轨肩斜率的打磨钢轨匹配,导致等效锥度降低至0.023,进而激发车体0.7 Hz一次蛇行运动,即产生晃车现象。据此,建立保持踏面廓形不变,仅针对轮缘廓形进行修复的旋修方法,及钢轨顶部-5~10 mm范围内打磨廓形斜率≤0.043的精细化控制标准,进而保证车轮与钢轨匹配锥度≥0.028,改善了LMA踏面与钢轨的接触关系。同时,完成线路试验,横向振动加速度幅值降低约60%,0.7 Hz能量集中值降低约70%,运行品质良好,有效解决了动车组晃车的问题。This paper studies the low frequency shaking characteristics and the causes based on EMU and track investigation,data analysis,simulation research,line test,including suspension components,wheel tread,rail profile and wheel-rail contact relationship.The results show that the re-profiling method of the tread profile biased toward to wheel flange leads to generate low slope,which is based on DIN5573.The shaking is arisen by too small equivalent conicity 0.023,caused by low tread slope and high rail shoulder slope of grinding rail.Accordingly,the re-profiling method of the tread contact area keeping the same with LMA is proposed,which only re-profiles the wheel flange.Otherwise,this paper also proposes the refined profile criterion of grinding rail assuring the equivalent conicity≥0.028,which maintains the slope≤0.043 between(-5~10)mm of grinding rail.Subsequently,the lateral acceleration reduces 60%,and the vibration energy with 0.7 Hz reduces 70%.The problem of EMU shaking is solved.

关 键 词：动车组 晃车 等效锥度 踏面旋修 钢轨廓形 

分 类 号：U266[机械工程—车辆工程]