论共有人给付之诉的诉讼形态  

On the Litigation form of Co-Owners’Action for Payment

作　　者：崔斌 Cui Bin(School of Law,Peking University,Beijing 100871,China)

机构地区：[1]北京大学法学院,北京100871

出　　处：《天津大学学报（社会科学版）》2021年第6期493-502,共10页Journal of Tianjin University：Social Sciences

基　　金：国家社会科学基金一般项目(15BFX074).

摘　　要：共有人给付之诉常被认为是典型的必要共同诉讼,司法实务也一般采此立场,但学术界对此多有批判。这些争论实际上都是必要共同诉讼和普通共同诉讼“交叉地带”形态模糊不清的结果。基于结果论的类似的必要共同诉讼成为主流化解方案,并形成了扩大化的“调和惯性”。但基于制度设置和价值基础,仍应采取实体法标准识别“同一诉讼标的”。用既判力和诉讼目的对请求权所涉诉讼进行检视,发现“同一诉讼标的+实体法上共同处分或受领必要”是识别必要共同诉讼的标准。同时发现,共同诉讼的谱系应为普通共同诉讼(一般形态)-必要共同诉讼(例外)-单独行使诉讼实施权的必要共同诉讼(再例外)。The litigation of co-owners’payment claim is considered to be a typical necessary joint litigation,but there are many criticisms in academic circles.In essence,the two types of joint litigation’s“intersection zone”cause this dispute.Similar necessary joint litigation has become the mainstream resolution plan,and has formed an expanded“reconciliation inertia”.And this theory is in consider of the consequence of a litigation.However,based on the foundation and value of necessary joint litigation,the standard judgment of“same subject matter”should still be insisted.In the context of“intersection zone”,the claim rights stipulated in the Civil Code include three types:the same payment purpose,the same basic right,and the same claim right but can be exercised separately.A review of these four types of claims and corresponding litigation with res judicata and litigation purposes,and found that“the same subject matter+the necessity of joint property disposition or property acceptance in substantive law”is the standard for identifying necessary joint litigation.At the same time,it was found that the pedigree of the joint litigation should be ordinary joint litigation(general form)-necessary joint litigation(exception)-necessary joint litigation to exercise the right to implement litigation alone(exception’s exception).

关 键 词：共有人 给付之诉 诉讼标的同一 请求权类型 共同处分或受领 

分 类 号：DF72[政治法律—诉讼法学]