2015-2019年湖南省永州市毒蘑菇中毒暴发事件流行病学分析  

Epidemiological Analysis of Poisonous Mushroom Poisoning Outbreaks In Yongzhou City,Hunan Province From 2015 to 2019

作　　者：王湘 梁进军[2] 成艳华[1] 贾华云[2] 徐德勇 WANG Xiang;LIANG Jinjun;CHENG Yanhua;JIA Huayun;XU Deyong(Yongzhou City Center for Disease Control and Prevention,Yongzhou City 425000,Hunan Province,China;Hunan Province Center for Disease Control and Prevention,Changsha City 410000,Hunan Province,China)

机构地区：[1]永州市疾病预防控制中心,湖南永州425000 [2]湖南省疾病预防控制中心,长沙410000

出　　处：《预防医学情报杂志》2021年第10期1376-1381,共6页Journal of Preventive Medicine Information

摘　　要：目的分析永州市毒蘑菇中毒暴发事件流行病学特征,为毒蘑菇中毒预警及防控提供科学依据。方法导出2015-2019年永州市通过"国家食源性疾病事件报告系统"上报的毒蘑菇中毒事件数据进行描述性分析,率的比较采用SPSS 18.0软件进行χ^(2)检验,以P<0.05为差异有统计学意义。结果2015-2019年永州市报告毒蘑菇中毒事件共269起,累计发病941人及死亡10人,病死率1.06%;事件发生时间主要集中在5-9月,6月份事件起数、发病人数和死亡人数均为最多;死亡人数较多的主要集中在祁阳县、零陵区、道县、东安县;农村家庭是毒蘑菇中毒事件暴发的主要场所;20~59岁年龄组发病人数、死亡人数均为最多,该组病死率为1.18%,60岁及以上老人病死率为1.20%;事件起数和发病人数最多的是胃肠炎型毒蘑菇中毒,引起死亡的主要是急性肝损害型和横纹肌溶解型毒蘑菇中毒,导致死亡最多的是含有剧毒的灰花纹鹅膏。结论毒蘑菇是永州市食源性疾病的主要致死因子,应针对特定时间、特定地点和特定人群进行重点监测和干预,提高公众的自我防范意识。Objective To analyze the epidemiological characteristics of mushroom poisoning outbreaks in Yongzhou city,and to provide scientific basis for the warning and prevention of mushroom poisoning.Methods The data of mushroom poisoning incidents reported by The National Foodborne Disease Event Reporting System in Yongzhou city from 2015 to 2019 were exported for descriptive analysis.The rate was compared by chi-square test.The difference was statistically significant(P<0.05).Results From 2015 to 2019,total of 269 cases of mushroom poisoning were reported in Yongzhou city,with 941 patients and 10 deaths,with a fatality rate of 1.06%.The majority cases of the mushroom poisoning occurred during May to September.The number of cases,morbidity and deaths were the highest in June and most of the deaths were in Qiyang county,Lingling district,Dao county and Dong′an county.Rural families were the main places of mushroom poisoning events outbreaks.The number of patients and the number of deaths were the highest in the age group of 20-59,and the fatality rate was 1.18%.The fatality rate was 1.20%for age 60 and above.The largest number of incidents and cases was gastroenteritis type mushroom poisoning.The main causes of death were acute liver damage and rhabdomyolysis type mushroom poisoning.The cause of the most deaths was grey goose paste.Conclusion Poisonous mushroom is the main lethal factor of foodborne diseases in Yongzhou city.It is necessary to monitor and intervene in specific time,places and groups,so that to improve the general public’s awareness of self-protection.

关 键 词：毒蘑菇中毒 事件监测 流行病学分析 食源性疾病 

分 类 号：R181[医药卫生—流行病学]