时速400km+高速列车交会压力波特性研究  

Research on the Pressure Wave Characteristics of High-speed Trains Passing Each Other at Speeds of 400km/h and Above

作　　者：李艳[1] 魏德豪 秦登 杨邑宏 李田[2] LI Yan;WEI Dehao;QIN Deng;YANG Yihong;LI Tian(China Railway Eryuan Engineering Group Co.Ltd,Chengdu,Sichuan 610031,China;Southwest Jiaotong University,Chengdu,Sichuan 610031,China;National Institute of Measurement and Testing Technology,Chengdu,Sichuan 610056,China)

机构地区：[1]中铁二院工程集团有限责任公司,成都610031 [2]西南交通大学,成都610031 [3]中国测试技术研究院,成都610056

出　　处：《铁道工程学报》2021年第8期25-29,35,共6页Journal of Railway Engineering Society

基　　金：中铁二院工程集团有限责任公司科研项目(KSNQ202057)。

摘　　要：研究目的:为了研究时速400 km+高速列车会车的压力波特性,基于计算流体动力学理论,建立不同车速(400 km/h、450 km/h、500 km/h、550 km/h)和不同线间距(5 m、5.2 m、5.4 m)下高速列车交会的数值计算模型。利用三维、非稳态的k-ε两方程湍流模型和滑移网格原理对高速列车等速交会下的气动效应进行数值模拟,对比分析高速列车在不同条件下交会时的压力波幅值。研究结论:(1)时速400 km+高速列车等速交会时,压力波幅值与会车速度、线间距以及测点位置有关;(2)不同速度和线间距下,高速列车交会时表面压力幅值的变化规律类似;(3)列车运行速度越大、线路线间距越小,交会时产生的压力波幅值越大;(4)压力波幅值与列车交会速度的平方成正比,与线路线间距成线性关系;(5)高速列车会车时,同一截面上监测点的压力变化规律类似,顶部和底部表面的压力波幅值相较于两侧更小,会车侧的压力波幅值相较于非会车侧更大;(6)本研究可为时速400 km+高速列车气动设计提供借鉴和参考。Research purposes:In order to study the pressure wave characteristics of high-speed trains with speeds exceeding 400 km/h,based on computational fluid dynamics theory,a numerical calculation model for high-speed trains passing each other at different speeds(400 km/h,450 km/h,500 km/h,550 km/h)and different track line spacings(5 m,5.2 m,5.4 m)is established.A three-dimensional,unsteady k-εtwo-equation turbulence model and sliding grid principle are used to numerically simulate the aerodynamic effects of high-speed trains passing each other.The pressure wave amplitudes of high-speed trains passing each other under different conditions are compared and analyzed.Research conclusions:(1)When high-speed trains pass each other at speeds of 400 km/h and above,the pressure wave amplitude is related to the speed of the passing trains,the track line spacing,and the location of the measuring points.(2)When high-speed trains run at different speeds or on different track spacings,the changes in the amplitude of the surface pressure when passing each other are similar.(3)The higher the train speed and the smaller the track line spacing,the greater the pressure wave amplitude generated when high-speed trains pass each other.(4)The amplitude of the pressure wave is proportional to the square of the train speed and linearly related to the track line spacing.(5)When high-speed trains pass each other,the pressure changes at the monitoring points on the same cross section are similar.The pressure wave amplitude on the top and bottom surfaces is smaller than that on the two sides,and the pressure wave amplitude on the intersection side is larger than that on the non-intersection side.(6)The research can provide reference for aerodynamic design of 400 km/h+high-speed train.

关 键 词：高速列车 交会压力波 气动特性 数值模拟 

分 类 号：U271.91[机械工程—车辆工程]