中国城乡乳母不同泌乳阶段母乳蛋白质组分含量的研究  

CONTENTS OF PROTEIN PROFILES IN HUMAN MILK AT DIFFERENT LACTATION STAGES FROM URBAN AND RURAL AREAS OF CHINA

作　　者：王杰 许丽丽[2] 任一平[3] 杨国光[4] 杨振宇 荫士安 WANG Jie;XU Li-li;REN Yi-ping;YANG Guo-guang;YANG Zhen-yu;YIN Shi-an(National Institute for National ami health,Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention,Beijing 100050;Heilongjiang Center for Disease Control and Prevention,Harbin 150030;Zhejiang Center for Disease Control and Prevention,Hangzhou 310051;Guangdong Center for Disease Control and Prevention,Guangzhou 512300,China)

机构地区：[1]中国疾病预防控制中心营养与健康所,北京100050 [2]黑龙江省疾病预防控制中心,哈尔滨150030 [3]浙江省疾病预防控制中心,杭州310051 [4]广东省疾病预防控制中心,广州512300

出　　处：《营养学报》2021年第4期328-333,共6页Acta Nutrimenta Sinica

基　　金：国家高技术研究发展计划(No.2010AA023004)。

摘　　要：目的分析我国城市和农村处于不同泌乳阶段的母乳蛋白质组分含量。方法选择我国11个有代表性地区,招募处于产后0~330d单胎分娩健康的母亲参与本研究。根据母亲所处的地区和泌乳期,从总样本中随机抽取827个母乳样本,采用超高效液相色谱串联三重四级杆质谱技术,测定母乳中α-乳白蛋白、血清白蛋白、溶菌酶、αs1-酪蛋白、β-酪蛋白和κ-酪蛋白含量。结果827份母乳样本中,初乳(0~7d)、过渡乳(8~14d)、早期成熟乳(15~180d)和晚期成熟乳(181~330d)分别占25.03%、27.57%、33.86%和13.54%;母乳中α-乳白蛋白、血清白蛋白、溶菌酶、β-酪蛋白、αs1-酪蛋白和κ-酪蛋白含量(g/L)中位数(P25,P75)分别为2.43(1.99,2.92)、0.21(0.18,0.26)、0.04(0.02,0.09)、3.41(2.81,3.98)、1.18(0.77,1.68)和0.50(0.35,0.70)。随泌乳期的延长,α-乳白蛋白、αs1-酪蛋白和κ-酪蛋白含量呈下降趋势,而溶菌酶呈升高趋势。城市母乳的α-乳白蛋白(P<0.01)、血清白蛋白(P<0.01)、β-酪蛋白(P<0.01)和κ-酪蛋白(P<0.01)含量高于农村母乳。结论母乳部分蛋白组分含量随泌乳时间不同而不同,且含量呈现城乡差异。Objective To analyze the contents of protein profiles in human milk samples at different stages of lactation in urban and rural areas in China.Methods Eleven representative regions in China were selected to enroll healthy mothers who had given birth to singletons and at their 0-330 days postpartum.According to the lactation stage,827 breast milk samples were randomly chosen from the total samples,and ultra-performance liquid chromatography with tandem mass spectrometry was used to analyze the contents ofα-lactalbumin,serum albumin,lysozyme,β-casein,αs1-casein andκ-casein in human milk.Results Colostrum(0-7 days),transitional milk(8-14 days),early mature milk(15-180 days)and late mature milk(181-330 days)in the 827 milk samples accounted for 25.03%,27.57%,33.86%and 13.54%,respectively.The median(P25,P75)contents(g/L)ofα-lactalbumin,serum albumin,lysozyme,β-casein,αs1-casein andκ-casein were 2.43(1.99,2.92),0.21(0.18,0.26),0.04(0.02,0.09),3.41(2.81,3.98),1.18(0.77,1.68)and 0.50(0.35,0.70),respectively.With the prolongation of lactation,the contents ofα-lactalbumin,αs1-casein andκ-casein trended down,while that of lysozyme trended up.The contents ofα-lactalbumin(P<0.01),serum albumin(P<0.01),β-casein(P<0.01)andκ-casein(P<0.01)in urban human milk were significantly higher than those in rural human milk.Conclusion The contents of some human milk proteins differ at different lactation stages,and the contents of some protein components are different between urban and rural areas.

关 键 词：母乳 Α-乳白蛋白 血清白蛋白 溶菌酶 酪蛋白 

分 类 号：R153.1[医药卫生—营养与食品卫生学]