满语中动词类汉语借词的词法研究  

A Study on the Morphology of Verb Chinese Loanwords in Manchu

作　　者：杜佳烜 唐千航 DU Jia-xuan;TANG Qian-hang(School of Humanities,Shanghai Normal University,Shanghai 200234,China;School of Literature,Hainan Normal University,Haikou 571158,China;Department of Korean Language and Literature,Kyung Hee University,Seoul 02453,South Korea)

机构地区：[1]上海师范大学人文学院,上海200234 [2]海南师范大学文学院,海南海口571158 [3]庆熙大学国语国文学科,韩国首尔02453

出　　处：《东北师大学报（哲学社会科学版）》2021年第6期49-57,共9页Journal of Northeast Normal University(Philosophy and Social Science Edition)

基　　金：教育部人文社会科学青年基金项目(21YJC740011);吉林省社会科学基金项目(2020C095)。

摘　　要：清代满语中动词类汉语借词与满语固有词相同,具有构词功能,即在汉语名词或动词后面缀加动词词缀。根据构词特点,满语中动词类汉语借词可分为两类:一是依托于派生词缀的派生动词类借词,二是不依托于派生词缀的非派生动词类借词。其中,派生动词类借词在满语动词类汉语借词中占绝大多数。根据词法上的特征,非派生动词类借词还可分为两类:一类是以n或ng辅音结尾的,一类其词干是以元音结尾的,在该类借词中,对n型词干的构拟进一步明确了一系列具有相关特性的语素变体。The verb class Chinese loan words in Manchu in Qing Dynasty,which are the same as the inherence words in Manchu,have the function of word formation,that is,adding verb affixes after Chinese nouns or verbs.According to the word formation structure,this paper classifies Chinese loan words in Manchu into two types:one is the derivative verb class loan words relying on the derivative affixes,the other is the non-derivative verb class loan words not relying on the derivative affixes.Among them,the derivative verb class loan words account for the vast majority of Chinese loan words in Manchu verb class.According to the lexical features,non derivative verb class loan words can be divided into two types:one ends with n or ng consonant,the other ends with vowel.In this type of loan words,the construction of n-type stems further clarifies a series of morpheme variants with related characteristics.

关 键 词：满语 汉语借词 动词类借词 n型词干 

分 类 号：H221[语言文字—少数民族语言]