新乡市居民住宅室内甲醛及苯系物检测结果分析  

Measurement of indoor formaldehyde and benzene series in residential houses of Xinxiang City

作　　者：张琪 王力科 刘凌 黄超 万永彪 李洁 ZHANG Qi;WANG Like;LIU Ling;HUANG Chao;WAN Yongbiao;LI Jie(Xinxiang Institute of Prevention and Treatment of Occupational Disease,Xinxiang,Henan 453000,China)

机构地区：[1]新乡市职业病防治研究所,河南新乡453000

出　　处：《职业卫生与应急救援》2021年第5期558-561,共4页Occupational Health and Emergency Rescue

摘　　要：目的分析新乡市居民住宅室内装修污染的整体现状,提高居民有关室内环境污染的知识水平与安全防护意识。方法于2015—2019年,选取271户民居985个检测点,分析室内甲醛及苯系物检测结果检出情况。结果5年内居民住宅空气中甲醛超标率为36.55%(360/985)。甲醛超标率跟室内温度呈强正相关关系(rs=0.928,P<0.01),每年温度>29℃的最热月(6、7、8月),甲醛的超标率分别达53.16%、65.62%和77.05%。在5年内,甲醛的挥发浓度并没有随装修时间的延长而减少。苯的检测点数共982个,超标点数11个,平均超标率为1.12%。甲苯的检测点数共65个,超标点数4个,平均超标率为6.15%。二甲苯的检测点数共65个,超标点数2个,平均超标率3.08%。结论居民应选择在装修结束后最少自然通风3~6个月,并在夏季进行室内空气质量的检测。国家应进一步加强对装修市场的监管,制定相应的强制标准,进行无醛化装修材料的研究,保护人民身体健康。Objective To understand the overall situation of indoor decoration pollution of residential houses in Xinxiang City,and furthermore to improve the residents’knowledge level and safety protection awareness of indoor environmental pollution.Methods During 2015 to 2019,the indoor formaldehyde and benzene series were detected for 985 times in 271 residential houses.Results The non-compliance of indoor formaldehyde in the air of residential buildings was 36.55%(360/985).There was a strong positive correlation between non-compliance of formaldehyde and indoor temperature(rs=0.928,P<0.01).In the hot summer(June,July and August)with annual temperature>29℃,the non-compliance of formaldehyde reached as high as 53.16%,65.62%and 77.05%,respectively.Within 5 years after decoration,the formaldehyde concentration did not decrease with the extension of decoration time.The non-compliance of benzene,toluene and xylene was 1.12%(11/982),6.15%(4/65)and 3.08%(2/65),respectively.Conclusions The newly decorated residents should have natural ventilation for at least 3-6 months,and indoor air quality should be evaluated in summer.The government should further strengthen the supervision of the decoration market,formulate corresponding mandatory standards,conduct research on aldehyde-free decoration materials,and protect people’s health.

关 键 词：居民住宅 装修 室内 空气污染 甲醛 苯系物 

分 类 号：X131.1[环境科学与工程—环境科学]