教育督导中“督”与“导”的困境与突破:组织结构论视角  

The Dilemma and Breakthrough of“Supervision”and“Guidance”in Educational Supervision:from the Perspective of Organizational Structure Theory

作　　者：马效义[1] Ma Xiaoyi

机构地区：[1]北京教育学院北京市督学研修中心,北京100120

出　　处：《教育测量与评价》2021年第11期19-25,共7页Educational Measurement and Evaluation

基　　金：北京教育学院2021年重点关注课题“学校外部督导评价机制与实施路径研究”(ZDGZ2021-13)的研究成果之一。

摘　　要：教育督导中的"监督"与"指导"、"督导主体"与"被督对象"之间存在一种天然的张力关系。借助组织结构论视角,分析教育督导基本职能中监督与指导的张力关系,阐释科层取向为主的督导组织与专业取向为主的学校组织之间的运行结构,以及督学个体同时具备监督与指导职能的矛盾之所在,旨在澄清教育督导职能中监督和指导的关系。建议督导组织内部要素结构优化,督导组织与学校组织间关系优化,督导组织与其他组织联动协同化,督导组织人员专业分类细化和结构多元化,从而突破教育督导中"督"与"导"的困境。There exists a natural relationship between"supervision"and"guidance","subject of supervision"and"supervised object"in educational supervision.From the perspective of organizational structure theory,this paper analyzes the tension relationship between supervision and guidance in the basic function of educational supervision,explain the operational structure between the academic-oriented supervision organization and the professional-oriented school organization and the contradiction that the individual school inspector has both supervision and guidance functions for the purpose of clarifying the relationship between supervision and guidance.In order to break through the dilemma of"supervision"and"guidance"in educational supervision,it is suggested to optimize the structure of internal elements of supervision organization,optimize the relationship between supervision organization and school organization,coordinate supervision organization with other organizations,refine the professional classification and diversify the structure of supervision organization personnel.

关 键 词：教育督导 监督职能 指导职能 组织结构 

分 类 号：G464[文化科学—教育学]