一种产壳聚糖酶野生菌株的筛选及产酶工艺优化  

Screening of a Wild Strain with Chitosanase-Producing Ability and Optimization of Its Production Conditions

作　　者：谷亚茹 郝雅荞 张硕 王文斌 GU Yaru;HAO Yaqiao;ZHANG Shuo;WANG Wenbin(Department of Fragrance,Fragrance and Cosmetics,Shanghai University of Applied Sciences,Shanghai 201418 China;Shanghai Haohai Biological Technology Co.,Ltd.,Shanghai 200052,China)

机构地区：[1]上海应用技术大学香料香精化妆品学部,上海201418 [2]上海昊海生物科技有限公司,上海200052

出　　处：《食品科技》2021年第9期14-21,共8页Food Science and Technology

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目(32001835)。

摘　　要：壳寡糖因具有免疫调节、抗炎、抗菌等功效,被广泛应用于生物医学、化妆品、农业等领域。实际生产中利用生物酶水解壳聚糖制备壳寡糖是最常用的方法。该研究从虾蟹壳排污水井底部的淤泥采样,筛选出一株产壳聚糖酶的菌株;根据其形态特征、生理生化、16S rDNA鉴定,初步确定该菌为芽孢杆菌属(Bacillus);对该菌株生长条件以及产酶条件进行初步探究,其最适生长条件为:培养温度37℃、初始pH10、培养时间18 h;最适产酶条件为:最佳时间为36 h、初始pH9.0、温度30℃、转速180 r/min、接种量4%,在此条件下发酵产酶,壳聚糖酶酶活最高可达到11.5 U/mL;通过在菌体培养过程中加入胶体壳聚糖,检测其对菌体产酶的诱导作用,发现此菌产酶不需要胶体壳聚糖诱导,此研究结果为筛选菌株工业化生产壳寡糖的应用奠定了基础。Chitosan oligosaccharide is widely applied in biomedical,cosmetic and agriculture due to its immunoregulation,anti-inflammatory and anti-bacterial function.Bio-enzyme catalysis is a common method to produce chitosan oligosaccharide from chitosan.A strain producing chitosanase was screened from the bottom of the sewage well for dumping shells of shrimp and crab.According to its morphological,physiology and biochemistry characteristics,and 16S rDNA identification,the strain was preliminarily identified as Bacillus.The growth and enzyme producing conditions of the strain were investigated.The results showed that the optimum growth conditions of the strain were as follows:culture temperature was 37℃,initial pH was 10 and cultivation period was 18 h;The optimum enzyme producing conditions were as follows:fermentation time was 36 h,initial pH was 9.0,temperature was 30℃,rotation speed was 180 r/min and inoculation amount was 4%.Under these conditions,the enzyme activity of chitosanase can be up to 11.5 U/mL.In addition,to investigate the inducing function of the substrate,colloidal chitosan was utilized as the substrate.After comparing with the control,the result showed that this screened strain has the ability to produce chitosanase without the induction effect of the colloidal chitosan,which provided a good application prospect for its further industrial application.

关 键 词：壳聚糖酶 芽孢杆菌属 生长条件 产酶条件 

分 类 号：TS201.3[轻工技术与工程—食品科学]