基于EST-SSR标记的陕西茶树种质资源遗传多样性研究  

EST-SSR analysis on genetic diversity of tea germplasm resources in Shaanxi Province

作　　者：班秋艳 潘宇婷 潘铖 胡欣 李叶云[1] 江昌俊[1] BAN Qiuyan;PAN Yuting;PAN Cheng;HU Xin;LI Yeyun;JIANG Changjun(School of Tea & Food Science,Anhui Agricultural University,Hefei,Anhui 230036,China;College of Horticulture,Henan Agricultural University,Zhengzhou,Henan 450000,China;Shaanxi Cangshan Qintea Group Co.Ltd.,Xi’an,Shaanxi 710002,China)

机构地区：[1]安徽农业大学茶与食品科技学院,安徽合肥230036 [2]河南农业大学园艺学院,河南郑州450000 [3]陕西苍山秦茶集团有限公司,陕西西安710002

出　　处：《西北农林科技大学学报（自然科学版）》2021年第11期69-78,共10页Journal of Northwest A&F University(Natural Science Edition)

基　　金：陕西省农业厅、林业厅科技专项“陕西省茶树种质资源普查及古茶树资源调查与保护”(陕农业发201574号)。

摘　　要：【目的】明确陕西省茶树种质资源的遗传多样性,为茶树育种提供依据。【方法】以陕西地方和野生种质资源、陕西临近省份以及西南茶区共8个省份的118份茶树资源为材料,利用43对高质量EST-SSR引物,用PROSize 2.0软件统计扩增条带,用Powermarker V3.25分析软件计算主等位基因频率(MAF)、基因型、等位基因数(Na)、观测杂合度(Ho)、Nei基因多样性指数(H)和多态信息含量(PIC),用MEGA 6软件进行UPGMA聚类分析,对陕西茶树资源的遗传多样性进行分析。【结果】从118份茶树材料中共检测到310个等位基因和832个基因型。主等位基因频率(MAF)、每个位点等位基因数(Na)、扩增基因型和多态信息含量(PIC)的平均值分别为0.3368,7.21个,19.35和0.7272。Nei基因多样性指数(H)在0.2323~0.9110,平均值为0.7600;观察到的杂合度(Ho)在0.1057~0.9918,平均值为0.8112。聚类分析结果将陕西省茶树种质资源分为3大类群,同一地区的陕西茶树资源多聚在一起;对不同地区茶树资源的聚类结果表明,陕西省茶树资源聚为一支,且与湖北的茶树资源关系较近。【结论】陕西省茶树资源具有丰富的遗传多样性和相对独立的遗传背景,且与湖北省茶树资源遗传关系较近。【Objective】This study clarified the genetic diversity of tea germplasm resources in Shaanxi to provide basis for tea breeding.【Method】A total of 118 tea germplasm resources from Shaanxi Province,neighboring provinces,and tea planting areas in Southwest China were analyzed using PROSize 2.0,Powermarker V3.25,and MEGA 6.The genetic diversity of tea resources in Shaanxi Province were analyzed by 43 pairs of high-quality EST-SSR primers.PROSize 2.0 was used to count the bands.Major allele frequency(MAF),genotypes,number of alleles(Na),observed heterozygosity(Ho),Nei’s gene diversity index(H)and polymorphism information content(PIC)were calculated by Powermarker V3.25.Nei’s genetic distance was calculated by MEGA 6 for UPGMA cluster analysis.The genetic diversity and transmission path of tea resources in Shaanxi Province were analyzed.【Result】A total of 310 alleles and 832 genotypes were detected from the 118 tea germplasm resources.The mean values of major allele frequency(MAF),allele per locus,amplified genotype and polymorphism information content(PIC)were 0.3368,7.21,19.35 and 0.7272,respectively.Nei’s genetic diversity index(H)ranged from 0.2323 to 0.9110 with an average of 0.7600.Observed heterozygosity(Ho)ranged from 0.1057 to 0.9918 with an average of 0.8112.Through genetic analysis,tea germplasm resources in Shaanxi Province can be divided into three groups.Shaanxi tea resources possibly originated from Hubei.The tea resources of Shaanxi Province in the same area were gathered together.The clustering results of tea resources in different regions showed that the tea resources in Shaanxi Province were clustered into one branch,and had a close relationship with those in Hubei Province.【Conclusion】Tea resources in Shaanxi Province had rich genetic diversity and relatively independent genetic background.The genetic relationship of tea resources in Shaanxi Province was similar to that in Hubei Province.

关 键 词：茶树育种 分子标记 EST-SSR 遗传多样性 陕西省 

分 类 号：S571.103[农业科学—茶叶生产加工]