基于遥感影像变化检测的城区暗浜自动识别方法——以安庆市为例  

Automatic recognition method of urban underground silt based on remote sensing image--a case of Anqing City

作　　者：牛晓楠 倪欢 李云峰[1] 张庆 周小平 陆远志 郝娇娇 NIU Xiaonan;NI Huan;LI Yunfeng;ZHANG Qing;ZHOU Xiaoping;LU Yuanzhi;HAO Jiaojiao(Nanjing Center,China Geological Survey,Nanjing 210016,Jiangsu,China;School of Remote Sensing&Geomatics Engineering,Nanjing University of Information Science&Technology,Nanjing 210044,Jiangsu,China)

机构地区：[1]中国地质调查局南京地质调查中心,江苏南京210016 [2]南京信息工程大学遥感与测绘工程学院,江苏南京210044

出　　处：《地质通报》2021年第10期1697-1706,共10页Geological Bulletin of China

基　　金：国家自然科学青年基金项目《基于空间先验与贝叶斯决策的高分遥感影像城市地表覆盖变化检测》(批准号:41901310);《联合分布约束的激光雷达点云空间上下文建模与分类》(批准号:41801384);江苏省自然科学青年基金项目《基于空间可变混合模型的激光雷达点云场景分割》(编号:BK20180795);中国地质调查局项目《安庆多要素城市地质调查》(编号:DD20189250);《华东地区自然资源综合调查》(编号:DD20211384)。

摘　　要：沟塘河渠可能由于各种原因被填埋而形成暗浜,对城市的工程建设造成质量隐患。相比于传统的探测暗浜的方法,如物探、微动探测技术,遥感监测具有监测范围广、效率高、可重复观测等优势。利用遥感图像变化检测方法提取安庆市城区暗浜空间位置与范围,基于面向对象的图像分析方法,分别对多时相影像进行先分割,进而利用SVM算法进行监督分类,得到研究区的多时相影像土地覆盖分类结果。基于2期图像分类结果,进行变化检测分析,提取暗浜的空间分布与范围,并选择典型区域利用微动探测进行实地验证。提出的城区暗浜提取方法能够为城市工程建设与城市规划提供决策支持,并且为实施物探划定出靶区或重点区域,提高物探工作效率。Underground silt,due to complex and loose compound,is a potential threat in urban infrastructure.Compared with the traditional methods of detecting underground silt,such as geophysical and micro-motion detection technology,remote sensing monitoring has the advantages of wide monitoring range,high efficiency and repeatability.The detection method of remote sensing image change was used to extract the spatial location and area of underground silt in urban area of Anqing.The method was mainly based on the object-oriented image analysis method,first splitting the multi-temporal images separately,and then using the SVM algorithm to classify the land cover.Based on the classification results,the spatial distribution of underground silt was extracted by change detection analysis,which could be defined as the target area or key area for the implementation of physical exploration,so as to detect the depth of the underground silt.Based on the results of two phases of image classification,change detection analysis was carried out to extract the spatial distribution and range of underground silt,and select typical areas for field verification using microtremor detection.The proposed method can provide decision support for urban engineering construction and urban planning.It can delineate the target area or key area for geophysical exploration,and improve the efficiency of geophysical exploration.

关 键 词：暗浜 遥感 面向对象分析 变化检测 微动探测 

分 类 号：P627[天文地球—地质矿产勘探] TU984.113[天文地球—地质学]